Batiri modulu ye mun ye?

Batiri moduluw ye cɛmancɛ lajɛw ye minnu bɛ batiri selilɛri caman fara ɲɔgɔn kan seri walima paralɛli cogoyaw la walasa ka tension ni seko bɔli caman sɔrɔ. O yɔrɔw la, a ka c’a la, seliw yɛrɛ, kuran ɲɔgɔndanw i n’a fɔ busbarw, batiriw maracogo (BMS), funteni mara yɔrɔw, ani lakanani so.

Batiriw ka sigida la, moduluw bɛ kɛ dancɛ kɔrɔlen ye seli kelen-kelen bɛɛ ni batiri dafalenw cɛ. Litiyɔmu-Ion selilɛri kelen bɛ 3,2 fo 3,7 bɔ, nka a kɛcogo i n’a fɔ kuran mɔbiliw bɛ 400 fo 800 volt de wajibiya. Modulew bɛ nin voltage gap in ɲɛnabɔ ni seliw ɲɔgɔndan ye strategicly ka sɔrɔ ka mara hakɛ ni serviceability mara.

Batiri modulu kɔnɔ, fɛn caman bɛ yen minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn kan, minnu bɛ baara kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ walasa fanga dicogo ɲuman ni baarakɛcogo ɲuman.

O jusigilan ye batiri selilɛriw ye minnu labɛnna cogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw na. O seliluw bɛ se ka kɛ silinda ye (i n’a fɔ 18650 walima 21700 cogoya), prismatic (blɔki rectangulaires), walima pouch (flexible flat packaging). Sugandili bɛ bɔ fanga hakɛ wajibiyalenw na, funteni cogoyaw la, ani mobili dilanni gɛlɛyaw la. Prismatic Cells ye fanga sɔrɔ 48,4% kuran mɔbili suguya la san 2024 k’a sababu kɛ u ka yɔrɔ ye-Sagili seko ni dɔnko nafama ani funteni maracogo ɲuman.

Kuran jɛgɛnw bɛ kɛ moduluw ka joli-sira-funu ye. Busbar minnu dilannen don ni kuran walima aluminiyɔmu jɛgɛnsira selilɛriw ye jatebɔ sɛbɛnw kɔnɔ-Parallel configurations. Seri ɲɔgɔndanw bɛ voltage caya ka sɔrɔ paralɛli ɲɔgɔndanw bɛ dɔ fara seko kan. EV modulu danma dɔ bɛ se ka seli 12 siri ɲɔgɔn na seri kɔnɔ (1P12S labɛncogo) walasa ka se ka 44 ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ, ni modulu caman bɛ sɔrɔ o kɔfɛ ka fara ɲɔgɔn kan pake kɔnɔ.

Batiriw ɲɛnabɔli sira bɛ hakililata lamini jira. BMS hardware bɛ voltage kɔlɔsi seli kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔnɔ, ka funteni nɔfɛtaama yɔrɔ caman na, ka sisan bolicogo suman, ani ka chargement cogoya jate. Bi BMS unitw bɛ kumaɲɔgɔnya kɛ CAN bisiw ka protocolw fɛ, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka tiɲɛni kɛ-Waati kunnafonifalen waati ni mobili kunkankow ye. O sitɛmu bɛ seliw kɛ ɲɔgɔn na kosɛbɛ chargement waati la walasa ka voltage drift bali unitw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o min bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka pack lifespan dɔgɔya ni 20-30% ye.

Sumaya ɲɛnabɔli infrastructure bɛ baara funteni kɔlɔsi. Module fanba bɛ ji nɛnɛma walima fiɲɛ siraw don u kɔnɔ. Ji nɛnɛbɔlanw bɛ glycol- nɛnɛmadalan basigilenw lamini ni aliminiyɔmu platiw ye minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ tilennen na ni seliw ye, ka funteni hakɛ kelen mara degere 2-3 kɔnɔ modulu kɔnɔ. O tiɲɛni bɛ yɔrɔ funtenimaw bali minnu bɛ funteni tiɲɛni daminɛ walima, ni a ka jugu kosɛbɛ, funteni bolilenw.

Module so bɛ masinw lakanani ni kuran bɔ ɲɔgɔn na. A ka c’a la, a dilannikɛlaw bɛ baara kɛ ni tasuma ye-Polimɛri minnu bɛ kɛ ka u yɛrɛ tanga i n’a fɔ poliporopilini walima polikarbonati ɲagaminenw. O casing ka kan ka yɛrɛyɛrɛli muɲu, ka nɔ bila fanga la, ani ka sigida laminiw jira ka sɔrɔ ka ji doncogo bali min bɛ se ka jɛɲɔgɔnyaw tiɲɛ.

Battery Modules

Seliw bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ cogo min na moduluw kɔnɔ, o bɛ baarakɛcogo cogoyaw cogoya jɔnjɔn.

Seriw labɛncogo bɛ dɔ fara voltage kan ni seli kelen ka terminal pozitif ni a nata ka negative sirili ye. Ni 3.2V litiyɔmu nɛgɛ fositɛri selilɛri naani bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ ɲɔgɔn kɔ, modulu bɛ 12.8V bɔ ka sɔrɔ ka single{3}}Cell seko hakɛ kelen mara. Kuran mɔbiliw bɛ baara kɛ ni seriyali ɲɔgɔndanw ye kosɛbɛ bawo tension caman bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fanga di ni kuran hakɛ dɔgɔyali ye ani ka dɔgɔya.

Parallel configuration bɛ seko bonya ni terminal positifs bɛɛ faralen ye ɲɔgɔn kan ani terminal negatives bɛɛ faralen ɲɔgɔn kan. Ni 50AH selilɛri saba bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ paralɛli la, modulu bɛ 150AH di ni kelen{3}}selilɛri tension ye. Labɛnw bɛ bɛn baarakɛcogo ma minnu mago bɛ boli waati janyalen na ni tension dɔgɔmanw ye, i n’a fɔ fanga marayɔrɔ min bɛ se ka ta walima min bɛ se ka mara.

Series-Parallel faralenw bɛ tension ni seko fila bɛɛ ɲɛnabɔ. 2P12S module bɛ seli fila siri ɲɔgɔn na, o kɔfɛ a bɛ nin paralɛli fila-fila tan ni fila siri ɲɔgɔn na. O bɛ selilɛri kelen seko Sɔrɔ siɲɛ fla a ka tension (volta) siɲɛ tan ni fla la. Series-Parallel design bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn dilannikɛlaw dɛmɛ u ka se ka batiriw sɛgɛsɛgɛ tigitigi ka kɛɲɛ ni baarakɛcogo wajibiyalenw ye.

Module architecture wuli ye fanga sɔrɔ san 2024, bawo a dilannikɛlaw ye fura ɲini min bɛ se ka sɛgɛsɛgɛ, min bɛ se ka sɛgɛsɛgɛ. Industriw ka kunnafoniw b’a jira ko seri-Parallel designs kɛra fɛn ye min diyara kosɛbɛ kunba fila la: Aviation Regulations bɛ dan sigi carry-kan na ka se 100 watt{-lɛrɛ 100 ma, ka modular packs ni swappable units kɛ ka ɲɛ, ani kɛnɛma minɛnw baarakɛcogo bɛ nafa sɔrɔ foro la- module minnu bɛ se ka bila u nɔ na.

Lithium-ion chimie danfaralenw bɛ moduluw dilan ni baarakɛcogo danfaralenw ye.

Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) moduluw bɛ fanga hakɛ caman di, a ka c’a la 150-220 wh/kg module nivo la. O b’a to u ka ɲi kosɛbɛ mɔbili bolibagaw ma yɔrɔ minnu na range per unit weight drives consumer acceptance. NMC selilɛriw bɛ fanga bɔli barikama di teliya la ka sɔrɔ ka 1000-2000 dafalen charge-discharge cycles mara. Nka, u bɛ funteni maracogo ɲuman de wajibiya ka da funteni sabatili dɔgɔyali kan ni i y’a suma ni kemisɛri tɔw ye.

Litiyɔmu nɛgɛ fositɛri (LFP) moduluw bɛ lakana ni ɲɛnamaya janya bila jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ la. Energy density bɛ jigin 90-140 wh/kg, nka LFP modulew bɛ se ka 3000-5000 cycles muɲu ka sɔrɔ ka se 80% seko ma. U ka funteni sabatili danfaralen b’a to u bɛ diya jagokɛlaw ye, bisiw, ani fanga jɔlenw marayɔrɔ la. LFP moduluw ye fanga sɔrɔ Siniwa EV bɔli la san 2024, ka sɔrɔ tilebin yanfan fɛn dilannikɛlaw y’u ta ka taa a fɛ dondaw ni cɛmancɛ-modɛliw kama.

Sodium-Ion modules bɔra ka kɛ fɛɛrɛ wɛrɛ ye san 2024. BYD i n’a fɔ BYD ye dɔrɔmɛ miliyari 30 don GWH sodium-ion ka baarakɛyɔrɔw la. Nin modulu ninnu bɛ soja caman kɛ ka tɛmɛ litiyamu kan, o bɛ dɔ bɔ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw musakaw la ani fɛnw sɔrɔcogo gɛlɛya la. Sodium-Ion seliluw bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛ nɛnɛ hakɛ la, ka 80% seko mara -20 degɛrɛ la ni i ye a suma ni litiyɔmu-ion ka 50-60% marali ye. Jagokɛlaw ka baarakɛminɛnw daminɛna ka bɔ mobili fila ni saba la.

Lithium titanate oxide (LTO) modules bɛ tɛmɛ niche baarakɛcogo kan min bɛ ultra-Long cycle life wajibiya. LTO selilɛriw bɛ se ka 20.000-30.000 cycles muɲu, o b’a to u bɛ kɛ sɔrɔko ye dugubaw ka bisiw ni nɛgɛso taali la hali ni fanga hakɛ bɛ se 60-80 wh/kg dɔrɔn ma. Fast charge capability bɛ LTO modulew bila ka se 80% charge ma miniti 10-15 kɔnɔ k’a sɔrɔ u ma tiɲɛni kɛ.

Batiri modulu dilanni bɛ fɛnw fara ɲɔgɔn kan minnu bɛ se ka kɛ ka ɲɛ ni lakana sariyaw ye minnu ka gɛlɛn.

O kɛcogo bɛ daminɛ ni selilabana ye min bɛ na. Kɔnɔnatumuw bɛ se ka bɔ fɛn dilanbagaw la minnu bɛ u tanga ani ka tension, se, ani kɔnɔna rezisti sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ. Dilanbagaw bɛ nin paramɛtiriw suman walasa ka seliluw dɔn minnu bɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma-voltage milivolt 5 kɔnɔ ani seko 1% kɔnɔ laɲini nafaw la. Bugunw minnu bɛ bin kɛnɛma fɛnsɛbɛnni muɲuni na, olu bɛ ban, bawo selilu minnu tɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma, olu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka chargement balanbali sɔrɔ min bɛ modulu ɲɛnamaya dɔgɔya.

Surface labɛnni bɛ tugu sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɔ. Laser saniya bɛ ɔkisizɛni layɛrɛw ni nɔgɔw bɔ selilɛriw la. Nin sen in bɛ kɛ fɛnba ye welding quality (sɔgɔli jogo) la; Hali fɛnɲɛnamafagalan minnu bɛ weldingɛw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, olu bɛ se ka joliba-Resistance Joints (Jɛkuluw) dilan minnu bɛ funteni lase u ma baara kɛtuma na.

Cell Stacking bɛ seliw labɛn minnu bɛ se ka kɛ u ka cogoya latigɛlen na. Otomatiki sitɛmuw jɔyɔrɔ seliw ni sub-Millimɛtiri tigitigi ye ni CCD yeli sitɛmuw ye minnu bɛ labanyɔrɔw dɔn. Yɔrɔ minnu bɛ kɛ seliw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, olu bɛ fiɲɛ yɔrɔw dilan walasa ka funteni sɔrɔ walima ka u ladon funteni na minnu bɛ funteni kɛ nɛnɛbɔlanw na.

Busbar welding bɛ seliw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ kuran fɛ. Bi dilanni siraw bɛ baara kɛ ni laser welding ye ka tɛmɛ resistance walima ultrasonic fɛɛrɛw kan. Laser welding bɛ fanga tigitigi Di joli ma ni funteni tɛmɛnen tɛ min bɛ Se ka seliw Tiɲɛ. O kɛcogo bɛ weldaw Dabɔ minnu ka kuran bɛ Se ka Kɛ 0,1 mililiohm ye. Jogoɲini siratigɛw bɛ baara kɛ tiɲɛ na-Waati kɔlɔsili ni ɲɛnayelikɛlanw ye minnu bɛ weld geometry sɛgɛsɛgɛ ani X-Ray Inspection min bɛ kɔnɔna nafamafɛnw jira.

BMS integration bɛ kɛ masinw ka lajɛ kɔfɛ. Fɛɛrɛbɔlaw walima robow bɛ tension sense wires nɔrɔ seli kelen-kelen bɛɛ la, ka funteni hakɛ jateminɛnanw wuli yɔrɔw la minnu bɛ se ka kɛ, ani ka BMS circuit board siri ɲɔgɔn na. Sisitɛmu bɛ baara sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ yɔrɔ min na simulasiyɔn charge ni discharge cycles b’a jira ko BMS bɛ paramɛtɛrɛw bɛɛ kɔlɔsi ka ɲɛ ani ka lakanani baara kɛ.

Module Housing Assembly bɛ a yɔrɔw datugu. Base plate, min ka teli ka nɛnɛ kanw sɔrɔ, o bɛ thermal interface material application sɔrɔ. Baarakɛlaw walima otomatiki furaw bɛ kɛ ka funteni hakɛ jateminɛ tigitigi walima ka nɔrɔ ɲɔgɔn na ɲɔgɔnkanu yɔrɔw la. Kɔnɔnatumuw bɛ wuli o tasa in kan, so datugulan bɛ ɲɔgɔn lajɛ.

Kɔrɔbɔli laban kɛbagaw ye moduluw dafa kuran, funteni ani masinw tiɲɛni na. Kɔrɔbɔliw bɛ tension suman doni kɔrɔ, ka nɛnɛbɔlan nafa sɛgɛsɛgɛ, ka gazi walima nɛnɛmadafɛnw lajɛ, ani ka a jira ko ɲɔgɔndanw bɛ yɛrɛyɛrɛli muɲu. Module minnu bɛ tɛmɛ sariyaw bɛɛ kan, olu dɔrɔn de bɛ sɔn sɔrɔ pakew lajɛli kama.

Funteni kɔrɔsili bɛ jɔ i n’a fɔ lakana baara min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ batiri moduluw kɔnɔ.

litiyɔmu-Ion seliw bɛ baara kɛ cogo ɲuman na 20-40℃cɛ . Baara min bɛ tɛmɛ degere 60 kan, o bɛ seko fade teliya, ni degere 10 kelen-kelen bɛɛ funteni bɛ caya ni tiɲɛni hakɛ fila ye. Funteni minnu bɛ tɛmɛ 80{{

Fiɲɛ nɛnɛ bɛ funteni maracogo nɔgɔman jira. Fanw bɛ fiɲɛ Wajibiya siraw fɛ seliw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, ka funteni Bɔ convection fɛ. Honda Insight ani Toyota Prius Battery Systems bɛ baara kɛ ni fiɲɛ nɛnɛ ye. K’a sɔrɔ sɔrɔko siratigɛ la, fiɲɛ nɛnɛ bɛ kɛlɛ kɛ walasa ka funteni hakɛ kelen mara, ni danfara bɛ sɔrɔ degɛrɛ 10-15 la modulu dondaw ni bɔda fanw cɛ. O nɛnɛmabaliya bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka seliluw bila funteni suguya wɛrɛw la ni u hakɛ tɛ kelen ye.

Ji nɛnɛ bɛ se ka baara kɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ. Coolant bɛ tɛmɛ siraw fɛ aluminiyɔmu platiw kɔnɔ sandwiched cell layers cɛ walima a bɛ bila module fanw na. Aluminiyɔmu ka funteni-taamacogo ka bon ani nɛnɛ-minɛnw ka funteni hakɛba bɛ se ka funteni hakɛ kunbɛn. Tesla ka batiriw bɛ baara kɛ ni Serpentine nɛnɛma siraw ye minnu bɛ selilabana danfara mara degere 5 kɔnɔ . Liquid systems bɛ gɛlɛya, girinya, ani fɛn minnu bɛ se ka bɔ, olu bɛ fara ɲɔgɔn kan, nka o jagokɛcogo ninnu nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ-Baarakɛcogo ɲumanw na.

Fasa fɛn caman Changement matériaux bɛ kɛ ni passive thermal management ye. PCMw bɛ funteni minɛ ni u bɛ wuli, ka funteni mara tuma bɛɛ fasa jiginni senfɛ. Ni batiri sitɛmu nɛnɛna, PCM bɛ funteni mara ani ka a bɔ. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu kɛra san 2024, olu y’a jira ko PCM-Modules basigilenw ye funteni hakɛ caman dɔgɔya ni degere 15-20 ye bɔli teliya waati la ka sɔrɔ ka funteni hakɛ kelen mara. Nka, PCMw mago bɛ funteni dilancogo ɲuman na walasa ka funteni bɔli bɛnnen sɔrɔ nɛnɛ filanan na, o kɛlen kɔfɛ, a kɛlen kɔ ka a kɛ fɛn ye min bɛ wuli kosɛbɛ.

Lakanali fɛɛrɛ minnu bɛ funteni kunbɛnni kɔfɛ, olu ye sisan dantigɛli ciriw ye minnu bɛ kuran caman bali filiw waati la, tension kɔlɔsili min bɛ moduluw tigɛ ka tɛmɛ dakun lakananenw kan, ani explosion relief hatches minnu bɛ gaziw bɔ ka sɔrɔ degun bɛ se ka sow sigilanw tigɛ. BMS bɛ o lakananiw labɛn, a ka c’a la, a bɛ sensɛri camanba ni fila-Path shutdown logic waleya walasa ka single{2}}point dɛsɛw bali.

Batiri moduluw bɛ kɛ kuran mɔbili fanga marayɔrɔ jɔli jɔnjɔnw ye.

Kuran mɔbiliw bɛ moduluw don pakew kɔnɔ ka tɛmɛ masinw ni kuran fɛ. EV batiri suguya dɔ kɔnɔ, modulu 6-12 bɛ sɔrɔ ka kɛɲɛ ni mobili hakɛ ni a hakɛ laɲiniw ye. Compact EVS bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni modulu wɔɔrɔ ye minnu bɛɛ lajɛlen ye 40-50 kWh ye, ka sɔrɔ EV luxury longues bɛ modulu tan ni fila walima ka tɛmɛ o kan minnu bɛ tɛmɛ 100 kWh seko kan.

Module Standardisation bɛ fɛn dilanni ni baara nɔgɔya. Ni dilanbagaw bɛ moduluw dilan ni u hakɛw ye minnu bɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma ani kuran ɲɔgɔndanw, u bɛ se ka selilabana walima seko suguya caman ɲagami modeli layiniw kɔnɔ k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ baara kɛ ni pakew ye minnu bɛ kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ. O modularite bɛ dɔ bɔ baarakɛminɛnw musakaw ni fɛnw marayɔrɔw ka gɛlɛya la. Ni modulu dɔ dɛsɛra baara la, fɛɛrɛtigiw bɛ se k’o modulu kelen in bila a nɔ na sanni ka kɛ pake bɛɛ ye, o bɛ dɔ bɔ kosɛbɛ dilancogo musakaw la.

Module fɛɛrɛ fana bɛ lakana ɲɛnabɔ ni compartmentalisation ye. EV bi batiriw bɛ baara kɛ ni tasuma ye- barikalanw minnu bɛ se ka kɛlɛ kɛ moduluw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ. Ni thermal runaway ka kan ka kɛ selil kelen na, barikaw bɛ o ko kɛlen na ka o module, ka cascade dɛsɛw bali pake kɔnɔ. General Motors ye funteni jɛnsɛnni ɲɛnabɔli siraw labɛn minnu bɛ moduluw kɔlɔsi u yɛrɛma ani ka yɔrɔw bɔ ɲɔgɔn na minnu bɛ dɛsɛ ka sɔrɔ modulu kɛrɛfɛtaw ma se farati faratilenw ma.

Mobili doncogo bɛ modulu bilali jateminɛ koɲuman. EV fanba bɛ batiri pake duguma wotoro ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, ka girinya cɛmancɛ dɔgɔya min bɛ a minɛcogo ɲɛ. O anwɛlɛki kɔnɔ, moduluw ka kan ka don drive motors, suspension components, ani crash structures lamini na. Nissan ka universel stack structure bɛ sira di module dimensions customizing ma-Cell count and arrangement varying-Ka yɔrɔ baaracogo ɲuman sɔrɔ mobili jɔyɔrɔw la.

Charging infrastructure bɛ baara kɛ ni modulew ye pake kɔnɔ-Level BMS. DC teliya chargement waati la, kuran bɛ woyo ka don pake kɔnɔ ni hakɛ ye min bɛ tɛmɛ 250 kW kan sigida dɔw la. BMS bɛ o fanga in tila moduluw cɛ ka sɔrɔ ka kɔlɔsili kɛ voltage balanbaliya ni funteni jiginni na. Cell-Level BMS units module report status kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔnɔ ka se Master BMS ma, min bɛ chargement hakɛw ladilan walima ka current redirect kɛ walasa ka tiɲɛni bali.

Modulew dilanni ɲɛtaa bɛ taa ɲɛ. Cell-ka-Pack (CTP) fɛɛrɛ bɛ laadala modulu jɔcogo ban ni seliw jiginni ye ka ɲɛ ka don pake so kɔnɔ. CATL ni BYD ye CTP dilanw daminɛ minnu bɛ fanga hakɛ caya ni 10-15% ye ka kɛɲɛ ni pakew sanfɛla dɔgɔyali ye. Cell-ka-Chassis (CTC) bɛ o ta ka taa a fɛ ni seliw donli ye mobili jɔcogo yɔrɔw la. O ko kura ninnu bɛ danfara don moduluw ni pakew cɛ, nka baarakɛcogo jɔnjɔnw-kuran jɛɲɔgɔnya, funteni ɲɛnabɔli, ani kɔlɔsili- tolen nafa hali ni modulu disikiri so bɛ tunun.

Battery Modules

Batiri moduluw bɛ baara kɛ ni izini suguya caman ye minnu ka baara kɛcogo tɛ kelen ye.

Grid-Scale Energy Storage Systems bɛ baara kɛ ni modulew ye walasa ka fanga kura sɔrɔcogo tampon. Tile ni fiɲɛ forow bɛ fanga sɔrɔ cogo la min tɛ bɛn, ka sɔrɔw dabɔ-Bɛbaliya ɲini. Batiri moduluw bɛ fanga tɛmɛnen mara fɛn dilanni waatiw la ani bɔli la ɲinini hakɛ caman na. Nafamafɛn dɔ-skala installation bɛ se ka module kɛmɛ caman bila sen kan minnu bɛɛ lajɛlen bɛ megawatt-lɛrɛw la. San 2024, Ameriki batiri marayɔrɔw sera gigawatt 9,2 ma, ni modulu architectures bɛ seko ni dɔnko yiriwali nɔgɔya ni fanga magow bɛ ka bonya.

Fɛn minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw minɛ i n’a fɔ forokiliw, olu bɛ baara kɛ ni litiyɔmu-ion modules ye ka caya. Komatsu pilote sodium-ion modules in 1.5-Ton kalasi forklifts san 2024 kɔnɔ, o b’a jira ko chimie wɛrɛw bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni iziniw ye. Modular Battery Systems bɛ sira di kurunba baarakɛlaw ma u ka se ka modulu charges reserves mara walasa ka swaps teliya, ka minɛnw jɔli waati dɔgɔya ni u bɛ tali kɛ batiriw la minnu bɛ kɛ ni plɔmu ye, minnu bɛ lɛrɛ caman chargement ɲini.

Heavy-Duty construction equipment bɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la baarakɛcogo caman na. MOOG Construction ye Zquip Modular Battery System jira san 2024, a bɛ ni 70 kWh ni 140 kWh module ye min bɛ se ka ɲɔgɔn falen. O sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ baarakɛlaw bila ka sekow labɛn ka ɲɛsin baara wajibiyalenw ma-ka baara kɛ ni modulu misɛnninw ye walasa ka yeelen baara kɛ walasa ka mobili girinya dɔgɔya ani modulu belebelebaw ka baara janya. Batiri ɲɔgɔn falen-falen bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka baara kɛ ka taa a fɛ ni modulu dɛsɛlenw falen-falen ye unité charges sans downtime (mobili) jɔli waati la.

Elektronikiw ni kuran baarakɛminɛnw bɛ baara kɛ ni modulu suguya misɛnninw ye. Professional-Sap fanga baarakɛminɛnw bɛ baara kɛ ni modulew ye ni 5-10 litiyɔmu-ion seliw ye, ka 18-36V bɔli di 2-5 ah seko la. Modulari fɛɛrɛ bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka batiriw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o yɔrɔ la, modulu kelen dilanni bɛ baarakɛminɛn suguya caman fanga di fɛn dilannikɛla dɔ ka fɛn dilannenw ma.

Kuranko min tɛ tiɲɛ (UPS) sitɛmuw bɛ fɛn nafamaw lakana kuran tiɲɛniw ma. Donanw ni dɔgɔtɔrɔsow bɛ litiyɔmu-ion moduluw labɛn minnu bɛ fanga di kɔpiw ma baara tiɲɛni waatiw la ani ka tension sabati grid disturbances waati la. Module architecture bɛ se ka seko sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ walasa ka doni lakananenw wajibiyalenw bɛn ani ka ladonni nɔgɔya module-dakun caman cili la sanni ka kɛ batiri ye-wide servicing.

Aerospace baarakɛminɛnw bɛ moduluw ɲini minnu bɛ ɲɛ ka ɲɛ walasa ka girinya ni dannaya sɔrɔ. Kuranko awiyɔnw ni dronw bɛ baara kɛ ni moduluw ye minnu bɛ ni seliw ye kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la walasa ka baara kɛcogo bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma funteni hakɛ dantɛmɛnenw na minnu bɛ sɔrɔ sanfɛla la. BMS siraw minnu tɛ fɛn ye ani funteni hakɛ kɔrɔlenw bɛ lakana sabati baarakɛcogo la, batiri tiɲɛni bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka kɔlɔlɔ juguw lase yɔrɔ minnu na.

Kɔrɔbɔli gɛlɛn bɛ modulu dannaya sabati baarakɛcogo ɲɛnamaya kɔnɔ.

Kuranko sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ tension, se ani kɔnɔna rezistansi tiɲɛ. Modulew bɛ charge-Discharge cycling kɛ ni kuran ye ka sɔrɔ ka tension curves kɔlɔsi. Seko sumani ka kan ka don 2-3% kɔnɔ jatebɔ tɔgɔlama na. Kɔnɔnatumuw kɛlɛli sɛgɛsɛgɛli min bɛ kɛ charge cogo suguya caman na, o bɛ ɲɔgɔndan juguw jira minnu bɛ se ka dannayako gɛlɛyaw lawuli.

Suman sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu bɛ kɛ ni funteni ye, olu ka moduluw ka se funteni hakɛ dantɛmɛnenw ma. Chambers cycle modules ka tɛmɛ -40 degre fo +60 degɛrɛ hakɛw kan, ka sigida laminiko ladege waatiw la k’a ta Artik nɛnɛ waatiw la ka se kungo kɔnɔ samiyɛ ma. Funteni sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ wuli joona funteni hakɛ dantɛmɛnenw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ walasa k’a dɔn ko fɛn suguya caman ka fɛnw falen-falencogo tɛ kɛ sababu ye ka masinw dɛsɛ.

Yɛrɛyɛrɛli sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ bolifɛnw ni baarakɛcogo degunw lasegin. Modulew bɛ wuli multi-axis shakers kan minnu bɛ frequency profiles (fɔkanw) lasegin ka bɔ sira yɛrɛyɛrɛ, masinw baaracogo, walima u minɛcogo nɔfɛkow la. Teliya jateminɛnanw bɛ jaabi kɔlɔsi, ani kuran jɛgɛnw bɛ kɔlɔsili kɛ ka taa a fɛ walasa ka dɛsɛw dɔn minnu bɛ kɛ waati ni waati ka bɔ masinw ka degun na.

Lakanali sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ kɛ ni wari caman ye, ka tɛmɛ-Discharge, suruce circuit, ani crush scenarios. Kɔrɔbɔli sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ moduluw gɛlɛya ni laɲini ye ka tɛmɛ baarakɛcogo dantigɛlenw kan cogoya kɔrɔsilenw kɔnɔ walasa k’a dɔn ko lakana siraw bɛ baara kɛ cogo bɛnnen na ani ko funteni bolicogo, n’a daminɛna, o bɛ to modulu kɔnɔ. Nin sɛgɛsɛgɛli tiɲɛnenw bɛ misali modɛliw saraka walasa ka dilancogo lakana dancɛw tiɲɛ.

Lamini sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ donbaliya lakanani tiɲɛ buguri ni ji ma. Modulew bɛ furakɛli kɛ ni fiyɛli ye ani ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ minnu bɛ bɛn u ka IP hakɛ ma. Mobili moduluw bɛ IP67 hakɛ sɔrɔ cogoya la, o kɔrɔ ye ko u bɛ waati dɔɔnin jimafɛnw muɲu ji mɛtɛrɛ kelen kɔnɔ miniti 30 kɔnɔ.

Jogoɲumanya seereyaw bɛ danfara ka kɛɲɛ ni u kɛcogo ye. Mobili moduluw bɛ UL 2580 labato, minnu bɛ litiyɔmu-ion batiriw lakana mobili bolicogo kama, ani ISO 26262 baarakɛcogo lakanani kama. Stationary Energy Storage bɛ tugu UL 9540 kɔ fanga marayɔrɔw la. Transportation bɛ ONU 38.3 ɲini ka ɲɛsin litiyɔmu batiriw cicogo ma. Dilanbagaw ka kan ka sariya labatoli sɛbɛn ni sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye ani ka jogoɲumanya siraw mara ISO 9001 walima Automotive-Specifique IATF 16949 sariyaw kɔnɔ.

Batiri modulu musakaw bɛ nɔba bila sistɛmu bɛɛ lajɛlen sɔrɔko la.

Module sɔngɔko san 2024 ye $80-120 ye kilowatt-lɛrɛ kelen na, a bɛ kɛ 25-35% ye batiri pake musaka bɛɛ lajɛlen na. Kɔnɔnafɛnw sanni bɛ kɛ 65-75% ye modulu musaka la, ni BMS ka fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw, funteni mara yɔrɔw, ani lajɛ baara minnu bɛ kɛ tɔw la. Ikomi selilɛri sɔngɔ jigira ka bɔ $139/kWH la san 2023 ka se $115/kWH ma san 2025, modulu musakaw tugura o taamacogo kelenw kɔ.

Global EV Battery Pack suguya sera miliyari 124,4 ma san 2024, a bɛ bonya 12,8% san o san. Prismatic Cell Modules ye komandi kɛ suguya caman na, nka modulu silindalenw tun bɛ ka bonya ni 13% ye san o san, u tun bɛ boli ni seliba belebelebaw tali ye i n’a fɔ 4680 silinda dilancogo. Nin selilɛri in janya ye milimɛtɛrɛ 46 ye ni milimɛtɛrɛ 80 ye, o bɛ seli 2170 tɛmɛnenw fanga siɲɛ duuru di ka sɔrɔ ka modulu jɔli nɔgɔya seli hakɛ dɔgɔyali fɛ.

Sɔrɔko sɔrɔko bɛ tali kɛ jɛ-ka-baara jɔlen na. Baarakɛda minnu bɛ seliw ni modulu fila bɛɛ dilan, olu bɛ 10-15% musaka kɛ ka tɛmɛ o seliw sanni kan kɛnɛma. O ye batiri dilannikɛlaw bila ka taa u ka modulu lajɛ ani mobili dilannikɛlaw walasa u ka se ka yiriwa- so batiri sekow la. Fluence ye Ameriki jamana ka modulu dilanni daminɛ sɛtanburukalo san 2024, ka seliw kɛ ka bɔ Tennessee feerekɛlaw la ka don moduluw kɔnɔ Utah Facility-a strategic move ka se ka kɛ sababu ye ka inflation reduction act act sometent content tax credits.

Module Standardisation Initiatives (Module Standardization Initiatives) laɲini ye ka musakaw dɔgɔya sɔrɔko siratigɛ la. Volkswagen Group ka MEB (modular electric drive matrix) platform bɛ modulu hakɛ dantigɛlenw ɲɛfɔ minnu bɛ kɛ mobili suguya caman ni a maraw kɔnɔ. O fɛɛrɛ in ye Volkswagen dɛmɛ ka modulu dilancogo n’a baarakɛminɛnw musakaw bɔ a dilanni hakɛ caman na.

Segin-ka-bɔ ani filanan-Ɲɛnamaya baarakɛminɛnw bɛ nafa sɔrɔcogo wɛrɛw dilan. EV modulu minnu bɛ tiɲɛ ka se 70-80% ma, olu tɛ se ka mobili baarakɛcogo wajibiyalenw dafa tugun, nka u bɛ nafa mara baarakɛminɛnw na minnu tɛ ɲini ka caya. EV modulu minnu ye lafiɲɛbɔ sɔrɔ, olu bɛ ɲɛnamaya filanan sɔrɔ fanga jɔlen marali la, fanga hakɛ ni charge hakɛw nafa ka dɔgɔ ni bolifɛnw ye. Seginkanni ɲuman bɛ fɛn nafamaw sɔrɔ-lithium, cobalt, nikɛri, kuran, ani aliminiyɔmu-dɔgɔyali min bɛ kɛ ni npogotigininw ka fɛn dilanni ye.

Fɛɛrɛ kura minnu bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan, olu bɛ layidu ta ko u bɛna batiri moduluw dilanni cogoya sɛmɛntiya.

Solid-State batiriw bɛ elekitoroliti jilamaw bila seramiki walima polimɛri fɛnw na. O bɛ tasumako haminankow ban ani ka fanga caman sɔrɔli kɛ nɛgɛmafɛnw ye minnu bɛ wele ko litiyamu nɛgɛ anɔdiw. Quantumscape, solide power, ani toyota ye prototype solide jira-state cellules, ni production modules laɲini ye san 2027-2028. Solid-State modules bɛ se ka 400-500 wh/kg fanga hakɛ sɔrɔ, ka surunya sisan litiyɔmu-ion baarakɛcogo la, nka fɛn dilanni gɛlɛyaw ni musakaw bɛ dan sigi jago la sisan.

Batiriw ka moduluw bɛ fanga maracogo don mobili chassis yɔrɔw la. Sanni u ka kɛ pakew kɔnɔ modulu danfaralen dɔ kɔnɔ, structurel designs bɛ baara kɛ ni seliw ye i n’a fɔ load-bearing elements. Batiriw bɛ kɛ fɛnw ye minnu bɛ kɛ ka fɛnw tiɲɛ ani ka chassis rigidité di. Tesla ka 4680-based structurel pack bɛ laadala moduluw bɔ yen pewu, ka seliw siri ka kɛ misiden ye min bɛ kɛ mobili duguma ye. O fɛɛrɛ in bɛ girinya kisi ani ka dɔ fara kɔnɔna yɔrɔ kan nka a bɛ baara gɛlɛya.

Batiriw ɲɛnabɔli min tɛ fili, o bɛ senfɛ-sira-fila bɔ seliw ni BMS cɛ. Seli kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ telefɔni cibaga fitinin dɔ sɔrɔ min bɛ tension ni funteni kunnafoniw fɔ arajo frequency signals fɛ. Kɔlɔsili min bɛ kɛ ni telefɔni ye, o bɛ dɔ bɔ wiriya gɛlɛya la, a lajɛ waati la, ani a bɛ se ka kɛ ko a bɛ se ka kɛ ko filiw bɛ se ka kɛ. General Motors ye BMS architectures wireless ka patenti sɔrɔ san 2024, hali ni kuran-magnetiki gɛlɛyaw bɛ to ka kɛ baarakɛcogo la.

Silicon anodes bɛ ɲɛtaa dɔ jira min bɛ caya nka a nafa ka bon. Graphite anodes nɔnabila ni siliyɔmu ye, o bɛ dɔ fara selilɛri fanga hakɛ kan ni 20-40% ye bawo siliyɔmu bɛ litiyamu ion caman mara hakɛ kelen na. Dilanbagaw ye silicon-blend anodes don san 2024, ni silicon anodes saniyalenw labɛnna san 2020 labanw na. Energy density (Enerji hakɛ) ka bon selil (selilɛri) la, o bɛ baara kɛ ka ɲɛsin modules (modules) ma minnu ka surun kosɛbɛ walima mobili janya.

Bidirectional Charging Technology bɛ se ka modulew dɛmɛ u ka se ka charge sɔrɔ dɔrɔn, nka u bɛ se fana ka fanga bila ka taa grid la. Mobili-ka-Grid (V2G) sitɛmuw bɛ EV batiri moduluw kɛ fanga marayɔrɔ tilalen ye min bɛ grid sabatili dɛmɛ. Demand (ɲini) waati la, EV minnu sirilen bɛ ɲɔgɔn na, olu ba caman bɛ bɔ fanga la ka don grid kɔnɔ; Demand (ɲini) dɔgɔyali waati la, u bɛ recharge (sara). O bɛ sɔrɔko siraw di EV tigiw ma ka sɔrɔ ka grid baara nafamaw di. Module BMS ka kan ka bonya walasa ka fanga bolicogo fila lajɛ ani ka charges wɛrɛw ɲɛnabɔ-Discharge cycles minnu V2G baara bɛ wajibiya.

Battery Modules

Batiri selilɛri ye kuran-sɛnɛfɛn jɔnjɔn ye min bɛ fanga mara kemikɛli walew fɛ. Modulew bɛ seli caman kɛ ni kuran ɲɔgɔndanw ye, ka funteni mara, ani ka kɔlɔsili kɛ. Pakiw bɛ modulu caman fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni BMS master ye, nɛnɛbɔlanw, lakanani so, ani sanfɛ{2}}voltage connections walasa ka fanga maracogo dafalen dilan. Nin sigiyɔrɔma in bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛ ka bɔ ɛntɛrinɛti yɔrɔ la min bɛ se ka ta ni u bɛ se ka ta ni u nafa ye-Scale installations.

Module Lifespan bɛ bɔ simi ni baarakɛcogo la. NMC moduluw bɛ 1000-2.000 dafalen walima 8- 10 di EV baarakɛcogo la ka sɔrɔ ka dɔgɔya ka se 80% ma. LFP moduluw bɛ se ka 3000-5000 sɔrɔ walima san 10-15. Kalandriya kɔrɔya bɛ kɛ hali ni baara tɛ kɛ, a bɛ se ka kɛ 2-3% ɲɔgɔn ye seko la san o san ka bɔ kemikɛli tiɲɛni na. Sumaya degunw ni bɔli juguw bɛ teliya ka tiɲɛni kɛ, ka sɔrɔ baarakɛcogo nɔgɔmanw ani cycle de cyclage de cycle de cycle de cycle de chargement partiel.

Kɔnɔnatumu kelen-kelen bɛɛ dɛsɛli modulu kɔnɔ, o bɛ se ka dilan tuma dɔw la ni selilɛri tiɲɛnenw falenni ye, nka o bɛ kɛ ni minɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ni degeliw ye. Ka selilu kuraw don modulu kɔrɔw kɔnɔ, o bɛ farati lase farikolo yɔrɔ kɛrɛfɛtaw ma ka bɔ funteni na. Baara kɛcogo fanba bɛ modulu bɛɛ nɔ na sanni ka seli kɛcogo ɲini-Dilayɔrɔ dilancogo. Module architecture bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka nin fɛɛrɛ in kɛ, ka fɛn tiɲɛnenw tiɲɛ walasa ka lakana ni dannaya yiriwa.

Seereyaw wajibiyalenw bɛ danfara ka kɛɲɛ ni u ɲinini ni u suguya ye. Mobili moduluw mago bɛ UL 2580 la EV batiri lakanani kama, ONU 38,3 ka taa ni u ye, ani ISO 26262 baarakɛcogo lakanani kama. Erɔpu suguw bɛ CE taamasiyɛn labatoli de wajibiya. Module stationnaires de storages ul 9540 for energy storage systems ani UL 1973 ka ɲɛsin batiriw ma. Consumer Electronics Modules bɛ IEC 62133 Lakanali sariyaw labato. Kɔrɔbɔli bɛ kuran lakanani, funteni bolicogo, masinw tiɲɛni, ani sigida lakanani kofɔ.

Batiri moduluw ye fanga maracogo caman sɛmɛntiya ni units minnu bɛ se ka mara, minnu bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni u ye, olu dilan ni selilɛri fitininw ni batiri belebelebaw cɛ. Ni kuran mɔbiliw bɛ fanga sɔrɔ bolifɛnw ni fanga kura sɔrɔcogo la, o bɛ fanga gridw cogoya sɛmɛntiya, moduluw bɛna t’a fɛ ka wuli-Ko min ka nɔgɔn, a ka fisa, ani a ka kɛ fanga caman ye-Densɛ ka sɔrɔ ka kuran ɲɔgɔndan baara jɔnjɔnw mara, ka funteni mara, ani ka kɔlɔsili hakilitigiw kɛ minnu bɛ se ka kɛ bi batiriw sigicogo ye.