Batiriw tiɲɛni ye mun ye?

Batiri tiɲɛni ye batiri ka seko dɔgɔyali ye kudayi ka fanga mara ani ka fanga di waati kɔnɔ. O kɛcogo in bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka minɛnw ka charge dɔgɔya ani ka baara kɛ ka ɲɛ, ka juguya dɔɔnin dɔɔnin ni charge cycle kelen-kelen bɛɛ ye ani ka tɛmɛ san fɛ.

Batiri bɛɛ kɔnɔ min bɛ se ka charge (ka segin), kemikaliya walew bɛ se ka fanga mara ani ka bɔ. Chargement (sara) ni bɔli waati, litiyɔmu ionw bɛ taa ni u ye elekitorode fila cɛ ka tɛmɛ elekitoroliti jilama fɛ. O lamaga-lamagali segin-segin ninnu bɛ kɛrɛfɛ-walew Lawuli minnu bɛ kɔnɔna yɔrɔw Tiɲɛ dɔɔnin dɔɔnin.

Elekɔtɔli solide interphase (SEI) layɛrɛ bɛ sɔrɔ anode kan charge fɔlɔ waati la ani a bɛ taa a fɛ ka bonya batiri ka ɲɛnamaya bɛɛ kɔnɔ. Hali n’o layini in bɛ fɔlɔ ka elekitorode lakana, a ka bonya min bɛ senna, o bɛ litiyamu ionw dun ani k’u lamagacogo bali. Kalan minnu bɔra san 2024 la, olu y’a jira ko SEI bonya ye fɛɛrɛ fɔlɔ ye min bɛ seko kɔfɛ san 2014 kɔnɔ.Batiri litiyɔmu ion .Sitiw.

Farikolo degunw bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka kemikɛli tiɲɛni kɛ. Elektɔriw ka fɛnw bɛ bonya ani ka u ka kontra kɛ cycle kelen-kelen bɛɛ kɔnɔ, ka faraw dilan minnu bɛ kɛ ni mikroskɔpi ye. O kariw bɛ dɔ Bɔ elekitorode yɔrɔ la min bɛ Sɔrɔ ka Kɛ walew ye. Elektɔriti tiɲɛni bɛ dɔ Fàra kɔnɔna-fanga kan waati kelen na, o b’a To a ka gɛlɛn ionw ka woyo. O fɛɛrɛw faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o b’a ɲɛfɔ mun na batiriw bɛ bɔnɛ u ka seko la 1-3% san o san baarakɛcogo ɲuman kɔrɔ.

Battery Degradation

Funteni bɛ jɔ i n’a fɔ degun min nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu bɛ Kɛ ka Bɔ farikolo-ɲɛnajɛ-fɛnw na, olu y’a Jira ko 'yɔrɔ-yɔrɔ-ko minnu bɛ Bɔ degere 25 la, olu bɛ teliya ka dɛsɛ hakɛw teliya. Funteni min bɛ se degere 40 ma, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka kemikɛli kɛcogoyaw kɛ minnu bɛ batiri yɔrɔw tiɲɛ, ka sɔrɔ ka nɛnɛ ka tɛmɛ degere 0 kan, o bɛ ion lamagacogo bali ani ka se ka litiyɔmu plati jugu daminɛ chargement waati la.

Chargement patterns bɛ nɔ bila tigitigi tiɲɛni teliya la. Chargement teliya bɛ kɔnɔna funteni Bɔ ani ka ionw Wajibiya u ka Taa teliya la, ka dɔ Fàra masinw ka degun kan elekitorodew kan. Kunnafoni minnu bɔra san 2024 GeoTab sɛgɛsɛgɛli la, olu b’a jira ko EV batiriw bɛ tiɲɛ ni 1,8% dɔrɔn ye san kɔnɔ ni funteni maracogo ɲuman ye, ka jigin ka bɔ 2,3% la san 2019. O ɲɛtaa 22% bɛ bɔ kosɛbɛ funteni hakɛ jateminɛcogo ɲuman na chargement waati la.

I bɛ batiriw mara walima k’u mara cogo min na, o nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ. Ni batiriw bɛ to 100% charge la, o bɛ elekitorode oksidan teliya, ka sɔrɔ ka u mara 0% kɛrɛfɛ, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka tiɲɛni kɛ a jɔcogo la. Kalandriya kɔrɔya bɛ kɛ hali ni batiriw sigilen tɛ baarakɛbaliw la-ko min bɛ ɲɛminɛ ni kemikoro walew ye minnu bɛ taa ɲɛ, minnu bɛ taa ɲɛ a baara mana kɛ cogo o cogo.

A bɔli juguman bɛ nɔ bila sɛgɛncogo la. Sɔgɔsɔgɔninjɛ minnu man dun, olu bɛ 20-80% cɛ, olu bɛ degun dɔgɔya ka tɛmɛ cycle dafalenw kan ka bɔ 0-100% la. Nka, o nɔ bɛ jira ko a ka dɔgɔn ka tɛmɛ funteni nɔw kan. Batiri min bɛ wotoro la ni a bɛ se ka kɛ yɔrɔ nɛnɛman na, o bɛna tɛmɛ mɔgɔ kan min maralen bɛ ni chargement dafalen ye funteni na, hali ni o laban in ye nafa foyi ye.

Bololabaara min bɛ dɔgɔya, o bɛ bɔ kɛnɛ kan i n’a fɔ a taamasiɲɛ jɛlenba. Smartphone min tun bɛ sanga 12 kɛ siɲɛ kelen, o bɛ se ka sanga 9 dɔrɔn de ɲɛnabɔ baara kɛlen kɔfɛ san kelen kɔnɔ. Kuran mɔbiliw bɛ danfara dɔgɔya, hali ni bi EVw bɛ baara barikama mara-Geotab ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli min kɛra mobili 5000 kan, o y’a ye ko a ka fisa-Modèle minnu bɛ baara kɛ, olu bɛ 1,0% dɔrɔn de jira san kɔnɔ.

Kɔnɔnatumuw tali bɛ bonya ni tiɲɛni bɛ taa ɲɛ, o bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka batiriw sumaya kosɛbɛ baara kɛtuma na. O bɛ jaabi-yɔrɔ dɔ Dabɔ yɔrɔ min na funteni caman bɛ teliya ka tiɲɛni Kɛ. Aw bɛ se ka a kɔlɔsi ko minɛn minnu bɛ ka sumaya charge walima bɔli waati la ka tɛmɛ ni kura ye.

Se sɔrɔli bɛ barika dɔgɔya batiriw la minnu tiɲɛna kosɛbɛ. Baara kɛcogo caman bɛ tɔɔrɔ, o bɛ na ni chargement teliya ye dɔɔnin ani se ka dɔgɔya ka se ka high-power demandes. O b’a ɲɛfɔ mun na telefɔni kɔrɔw bɛ se ka da tugu k’a sɔrɔ u ma miiri u la 20% charge-Batiri tɛ se ka fanga dilen di tugun, hali n’a y’a jira ko seko tora.

Voltage basigibaliya bɛ Bɔ i n'a fɔ taamaʃyɛn wɛrɛ. Charge levels bɛ se ka pan min tɛ se ka fɔ, walima kɛmɛsarada la, o bɛ se ka jigin teliya la doni kɔrɔ o kɔfɛ ka kɛnɛya ni i ma baara kɛ. Nin taamasiɲɛ ninnu b’a jira ko batiri kɔnɔna na, a tiɲɛna ka tɛmɛ seko dɔgɔyali nɔgɔman kan.

Battery Degradation

Ka sara mara 20-80% cɛ, o bɛ lakana min bɛ se ka kɛ kosɛbɛ. O yɔrɔ in bɛ dɔ bɔ tension stress la elekitorodew kan ka sɔrɔ ka i yɛrɛ tanga jɔli tiɲɛni ma min bɛ sɔrɔ discharge jugu fɛ. Litiyɔmu nɛgɛ fositɛri (LFP) chimie kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, dilanbagaw bɛ ladilikan di tuma dɔw la ka sara dafalen sɔrɔ ka kɛɲɛ ni 100% ye jateminɛ na, nka o bɛ danfara jira sariyaba la.

Funteni ɲɛnabɔli ka kan ni jateminɛ kelen ye. Aw kana minɛnw bila funteni jugumanba walima nɛnɛba la. Ni kuran mɔbiliw bɛ jɔ samiyɛ fɛ, aw bɛ biɲɛ ɲini. Nɛnɛ waati, aw bɛ batiri labɛn ka kɔn k’a sɔrɔ a bɛ don a kɔnɔ hali bi sanni a ka baara kɛ ni batiri fanga ye walasa ka a sumaya. Aw bɛ minɛnw mara aw tɛna baara kɛ ni minnu ye dɔgɔkun caman kɔnɔ funteni hakɛ danmadɔ la degere 20 lamini na ni 50% charge ye.

Aw bɛ dan sigi chargement teliya la kow la ni aw mago bɛ teliya la tiɲɛ na. Hali ni a ka nɔgɔn, a ka teli ka charge (sarali) teliya la, o bɛ funteni lase mɔgɔ ma min bɛ tiɲɛni teliya. Standard chargement rates bɛ nɔgɔya ka tɛmɛ batiri chimie kan ani u bɛ se ka nafa sɔrɔ ɲɛnamaya la san damadɔ kɔnɔ. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu kɛra san 2022, olu y’a jira ko batiri minnu bɛ sara dɔrɔn ni teliya ye, olu ye tiɲɛni kɛ 3% la ka tɛmɛ minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni fɛɛrɛw ye minnu ka surun.

Batiriw ɲɛnabɔcogo minnu bɛ bi minɛnw kɔnɔ, olu bɛ ɲɛnabɔli caman ɲɛnabɔ u yɛrɛma. Aw bɛ se ka fɛnw kɛ i n’a fɔ "aptimized charging" minnu bɛ aw ka baarakɛcogo dege ani ka waati dɔ dɔgɔya min bɛ kɛ 100% charge la. O sigida ninnu bɛ se ka tiɲɛni teliya kosɛbɛ k’a sɔrɔ u ma kɛ ni bololadon ye.

"Full discharge calibration" nsiirin bɛ to sen na hali ni a kɔrɔlen don. Nikɛri kɔrɔ-Batiri minnu sinsinnen bɛ, olu ye nafa sɔrɔ jibɔ dafalenw na tuma dɔw la walasa ka hakilijagabɔ kɛcogo bali, nka litiyamu-Simiw bɛ baara kɛ cogo wɛrɛ la. Discharges fulls bɛ tiɲɛni kɛ tiɲɛ na litiyɔmu ion batiriw la ni u ye elekitorodew degun ani ka farati lase u ma-Discharge lakanani fɛ.

Batiri minnu bɛ nɛnɛ, olu tɛna u mara. Funteni minnu bɛ -20 degɛrɛ la, olu bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka elekitoroliti kristalize ani ka se ka seko dɔgɔya kudayi. So funteni marayɔrɔ min bɛ 50% sara, o bɛ a to a bɛ se ka mara waati jan kɔnɔ.

Wireless chargement tɛ batiriw tiɲɛ a danma ka tɛmɛ wired chargeur-sumaya min bɛ bɔ o bɛ bɔ waleyali la. Bon-Systèmes de sélections de la wireless ni nɛnɛ baarakɛtaw bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka sɛgɛn caman wɛrɛ sɔrɔ, k’a sɔrɔ minnu ma baara kɛ ka ɲɛ, minnu bɛ se ka funteni wuli, olu bɛna tiɲɛni teliya.

Porozɛw kurayali tɛ se ka kemikoro tiɲɛni kɔsegin. Hali ni fɛn kuraw bɛ se ka batiriw ɲɛnabɔcogo algorisimuw ɲɛ walima ka chargement recalibrate (sarali jiralanw) ɲɛ, u tɛ se ka litiyɔmu ionw segin u ma minnu tununna kɛrɛfɛwalew la walima ka elekitorode karilenw dilan. Porozɛw ka fɔtaw-A ka c’a la, sekow labɛnni basigilen bɛ jateminɛ latilenni jira sanni ka seko seginni yɛrɛ de jira.

Batiri minnu bɛ jigin 80% seko la, olu bɛ to nafa la baara caman na. EV batiriw minnu bɛ lafiɲɛbɔ la bolifɛnw na, olu ka teli ka 70-80% sɔrɔ seko fɔlɔ la-A tɛ se ka kɛ bolifɛn boliyɔrɔ la nka a ka ɲi kosɛbɛ fanga jɔlen marali la. O ɲɛnamaya filanan baarakɛcogo bɛ batiri ɲɛnamaya bɛɛ lajɛlen janya ka se san 15-20 ma.

Grid storage systems bɛ se ka tiɲɛni muɲu ka ɲɛ ka tɛmɛ bolifɛnw kan. Seko ni dɔnko kogow ni nafama-Skala installations tɛ fanga hakɛ min ka kan ka kɛ bolifɛnw na. Batiri min bɛ se 70% ma, o bɛ fanga bɔli kelen de di hali bi, o bɛ kɛ waati surun dɔrɔn na.

Segin-ka-bɔ-fɛɛrɛw bɛ ka taa ɲɛ. Bi taabolow bɛ sɔrɔ fɛn nafamaw 95% ni kɔ la i n’a fɔ litiyamu, kobalt ani nikɛri ka bɔ batiriw la minnu bɛ musaka kɛ. Ni fɛnw lasegincogo bɛ ka bonya, tiɲɛni bɛ nɔ min bila sigida la, o bɛ dɔgɔya ni fɛnw ye minnu bɛ woyo.

Battery Degradation

Lithium-ion batiri fanba bɛ 1-3% sɔrɔ seko la san fɔlɔ kɔnɔ baarakɛcogo damadɔ kɔnɔ. Bi EVw bɛ sɔrɔw jira minnu ka fisa yɛrɛ, ni 2024 kunnafoniw b’a jira ko 1,8% ye san hakɛ danma ye. Fɛn minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ funteni hakɛ sɔrɔli ani chargement (sarali) kɛcogo, olu bɛ nɔba bila o hakɛ la.

Ayi, tiɲɛni bɛ kɛ ni fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw ni fɛnw jɔcogo caman yeli ye. Litiyɔmu ionw tununnenw, elekitorode karilenw, ani elekitoroliti tiɲɛni tɛ se ka kɔsegin. Nka, ladonni ɲuman bɛ se ka tiɲɛniw sumaya kosɛbɛ. Batiri caman cili bɛ to sira kelenpe ye min bɛ se ka kɛ ka baara fɔlɔ kɛcogo segin a cogo kɔrɔ la.

Bi minɛnw bɛ baara kɛ ni smart chargement systems ye minnu bɛ dɔ bɔ tiɲɛniw na minnu bɛ se ka kɛ. U bɛ active chargement (sarali) jɔ 100% la ani ka wuli ka charge maintenance (sarali mara) k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ to ka batiri cycle (batiri). Nka, ka batiriw mara 100% la waati jan kɔnɔ, o bɛ kalolabɔ teliya teliya. Baara kɛ ni chargement danw ye walasa ka jɔ 80-85% ni a bɛ sɔrɔ, o bɛ kɛnɛya kuntaalajan ɲuman di.

Nɛnɛ bɛ dɔ bɔ seko la min bɛ sɔrɔ waati dɔ kɔnɔ nka u tɛ tiɲɛni banbali teliya. Nka, chargement (sara) nɛnɛba la (degere 0 duguma ) o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka lithium plating-wadisiyɔn jugu dɔ kɛ yɔrɔ min na nɛgɛ litiyamu bɛ bila anɔdi kan. O nɔ in bɛ se ka seko dɔgɔya ni 3,6% ye charge cycle kelen na degɛrɛ 0 la ni sisan hakɛ caman ye. Aw bɛ batiri sumaya sani aw ka charge (sara) nɛnɛ waatiw la.

Batiri tiɲɛni bɛ gɛlɛya jɔnjɔn dɔ jira fanga maracogo fɛɛrɛw la, nka a ka fɛɛrɛw faamuyali bɛ fanga di ɲɛnabɔli ɲuman ma. Simi min bɛ nin seliw kɔnɔ, o bɛna t’a fɛ ka wuli, ni solide-state batiriw ye ani elekitoroliti ɲɛtaa minnu bɛ layidu ta ko u bɛna tiɲɛni hakɛ dɔgɔya. Sisan litiyamu-Ion fɛɛrɛ, ni a ladoncogo ɲuman don, a bɛ ɲɛnamaya jan kabakoma di kaban-Modern EV batiriw bɛ to ka tɛmɛ u bɛ mobili minnu fanga kan.

Danfara min bɛ kɛcogo ɲumanw ni baarakɛcogo bɛɛ lajɛlen cɛ, o bɛ to ka bonya. Yɛlɛma misɛnninw bɛ kɛ chargement routines ni temperature lafaamuyali la, o bɛ se ka batiri ɲɛnamaya janya ni 30-50% ye, o bɛɛ n’a ta, baarakɛla caman tɛ se ka nɔgɔya sɔrɔ ka tɛmɛ optimisation kan. Ni batiriw bɛ ka kɛ fɛnba ye an ka bolifɛnw ni fanga sɔrɔcogo la, o latigɛw bɛ na ni sigida ni sɔrɔko girinya ye min bɛ ka bonya.