Lakanali sɛrɛkiliw ye mun ye?

Lakanali sɛrɛkiliw ye ɛntɛrinɛti lakanani fɛɛrɛw ye minnu bɛ kuran cogoya juguw dɔn u yɛrɛma ani k’u tigɛ i n’a fɔ kuran jiginni kojugu, kuran jiginni kojugu, walima kuran surunya walasa ka minɛnw ni batiriw tiɲɛni bali. O sɛrɛkiliw bɛ baara kɛ i n’a fɔ kɔlɔsilikɛla hakilitigiw, u bɛ to ka tension ni current hakɛw kɔlɔsi ani ka fanga tigɛ ni paramètres tɛmɛna safe thresholds kan.

Mun na Lakanali sɛrɛkiliw nafa ka bon bi ɛntɛrinɛti kan

Elektɔriki minɛn bɛɛ bɛ kuran bagabagali sɔrɔ baara kɛtuma na. Fanga min bɛ bɔ sanpɛrɛn na, o bɛ se ka volt ba caman pikiri kɛ sistɛmu dɔ kɔnɔ mikrosekɔndi kɔnɔ. Batiri chargement kojugu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka thermal boliway bila ka na ni tasuma ye. Polaritɛri kɔseginlen ɲɔgɔndan kelen bɛ se ka yɔrɔ sensitifw tiɲɛ o yɔrɔnin bɛɛ.

Circuit lakanani sugu sera miliyari 57,10 ma san 2024 ani a jirala ko a bɛna se miliyari 94,84 ma san 2033, o sababu bɔra kuran mɔbiliw, IoT minɛnw, ani ɛntɛrinɛti fɛnw caya fɛ. O bonya in b’a jira ko kuran siratigɛw ka gɛlɛya bɛ ka bonya yɔrɔ min na, dɛsɛ kelen bɛ wuli ka tɛmɛn fɛnw kan minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn cɛ.

Lakanali sɛrɛkiliw bɛ o gɛlɛya in ɲɛnabɔ ni fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔn saba ye: kɔlɔsili, latigɛ ani jɛɲɔgɔnya tigɛ. Voltage monitoring integrated circuits bɛ kuran paramɛtiriw ta tuma bɛɛ mikrosekɔndi cɛmancɛw la. Ni kalanw ye dan latigɛlenw tiɲɛ, control logic bɛ MOSFET walima relayw daminɛ walasa ka kafoda sira tigɛ sani tiɲɛni ka kɛ.

Core Protection Circuit suguyaw

Lakanali fɛɛrɛw bɛ tila ka kɛ tension-based ani current-based approaches ye, u kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ dɛsɛ cogoya danfaralenw laɲini.

Overvoltage Lakanali Cɛsirilanw

Overvoltage cogoyaw bɛ kɛ ni supply voltage tɛmɛna downstream components hakɛ hakɛ dantigɛlen kan. 5V mikrokontrɔla min bɛ 12V la, o bɛ gate oxide tiɲɛni teliya la a ka transistors kɔnɔ.

Crowbar ka sɛrɛkiliw

Crowbar circuit bɛ Silicon-Controlled Rectifier (SCR) baara min ni Zener diode faralen don ɲɔgɔn kan walasa ka kurukuruni kɔrɔsilen dɔ dilan overvoltage ko kɛlenw waati. Baarakɛcogo nɔgɔman kɔnɔ, Zener bɛ to kɔsegin-biased ani non-conducting. Ni donna-taama sera Zener tiɲɛni dancɛ ma-a ka c’a la, a bɛ sigi 15-20% sanfɛ tɔgɔla-a bɛ SCR da ɲɛminɛ ani ka a daminɛ. O kɔfɛ, SCR bɛ kuran sira surunya ka taa duguma, ka sanfɛla fiɲɛbɔlan dɔ wajibiya ka fiyɛ ani ka fili in tigɛ kudayi.

O lakanani fɛɛrɛ in bɛ se ka kɛ nka a bɛ tiɲɛni kɛ. Ni a kɛra baarakɛminɛn ye, a ka kan ka wuli ka bɔ a nɔ na sani a ka sistɛmu segin a cogo kɔrɔ la. SCR ni Zener ka kan ka jikuruw muɲu minnu bɛ se anpiri 10-50 ma fo ka se fiɲɛbɔlan dabɔli ma, o bɛ a ɲini ka yɔrɔw sugandili barikamaw kɛ.

Suppresseurs de tension transitoire (TVS) .

TVS diodew bɛ u tanga voltage spikes ma minnu bɛ mɛn nanosekɔndi fo milisekɔndi. O minɛn solide-statew bɛ baara kɛ i n’a fɔ Zener diodes minnu bɛ baara kɛ teliya la-, ni ɲɔgɔndan yɔrɔw ka bon kosɛbɛ. TVS danma bɛ siri ni a ka tension hakɛ ye siɲɛ 1,5 ani a bɛ se ka kuran 50-200 ampɛrɛw minɛ mikrosekɔndi kɔnɔ.

Mobiliko ɲɛmɔgɔso bɛ TVS lakanani baara kosɛbɛ k’a sababu kɛ ISO 16750-2 tɛmɛnenw ka ɲɛfɔli juguw ye. Load dump events-ni alternateur barika banna a ka batiri jɛgɛncogo la-o bɛ voltage spikes sɔrɔ min tɛmɛna 100V kan. TVS diodew bɛ o fanga in bila dugukolo kan nanosekɔndi kɔnɔ, ka ECU sɛgɛsɛgɛlenw lakana.

Nɛgɛ Oksizɛni Varistor (MOV) .

MOVw bɛ tension-dependent resistance jira, u bɛ u yɛrɛ kɛ i n’a fɔ insulateurs u ka clamping voltage jukɔrɔ ani conducteurs a sanfɛ. U ka fanga minɛcogo caman bɛ bɛn kurunba-minɛnw ma minnu bɛ sanpɛrɛn-jiriw ɲɛnabɔ.

MOV min jate ye 275V AC ye ni 6500A wulicogo seko ye, o bɛ se ka bɔgɔdaga minnu bɛ joule ba tan ta, olu minɛ. Jago-off bɛ tali kɛ terminal capacitance caman na-a ka c’a la 1000-5000 pF-o bɛ MOVw kɛ minnu tɛ bɛn taamasiyɛn layiniw ma minnu bɛ se ka wuli kosɛbɛ yɔrɔ minnu na u tun bɛna jikuruw tiɲɛ kosɛbɛ.

Overcurrent Lakanali sɛrɛkiliw

Kuran tɛmɛnen bɛ sɛrɛkiliw tiɲɛ ni resistive heating ye. Trace min jate bɛ kɛ ampli 2 ye min bɛ anpiri 10 ta, o bɛ se funteni ma min bɛ tɛmɛ degere 150 kan segin kɔnɔ, ka solder joints (solder joints) wuli ani ka PCB substrates tasuma don.

Elektɔriki Kuran dantigɛli

Active current limiting bɛ baara kɛ ni transistor circuits ye walasa ka current bɔli hakɛ maksimali labɛn. Sens resistor min bɛ ɲɔgɔn na ni doni ye, o bɛ voltage (voltaji) dɔ yiriwa min bɛ bɛn current flow ma. Ni o tension in sera 0,6-0,7V-kɔlɔsili transistor ka basigi-emitter threshold-transistor bɛ base current baara ani k’a wuli ka bɔ main pass transistor la, o b’a ka conduction dɔgɔya.

Ni 2-amp ka kurunba dan ye, sensɛri resistɛri bɛ jatebɔ kɛ ka se R=V/I=0.6V / 2A=0.3Ω ma. Seko ni dɔnko tiɲɛni bɛ jateminɛ kɛ kosɛbɛ: P=I2R=4W doni dafalen na. 5-10W resistɛri min bɛ ni PCB kuran yɔrɔ bɛnnen ye, o bɛ funteni sabatili sabati.

O lakanani fɛɛrɛ bɛ kuran dantigɛli tigitigi di, min bɛ se ka segin-ka-bɔ, k’a sɔrɔ a yɔrɔ ma ci. Circuit bɛ segin a yɛrɛma ni doni tɛmɛnen bɔra, o b’a to a ka ɲi kosɛbɛ kuran feerelaw ma minnu bɛ doni caman balo.

Fusew (fuse).

Fuziw bɛ kuran tɛmɛnen lakanani nɔgɔman jira-nɛgɛ finman min bɛ wuli ni kuran bɛ funteni kojugu lase. Bi fusiw bɛ fɛn caman sɛgɛsɛgɛ: waati-delay suguyaw bɛ baara kɛ ni fɛn girinmanw-mass elements ye minnu bɛ doni tɛmɛnenw muɲu, teliya-fiyɛ suguyaw bɛ baara kɛ ni spring-loaded mechanisms ye walasa ka jaabi teliya, ani seramiki farikolow bɛ arc-extinguishing powder sɔrɔ.

Fuse sugandili ɲuman bɛ a ɲini ka baarakɛcogo faamuya. Fuse 1-amper tɛna fiyɛ joona ni 1,01 ampère ye-a bɛ 150-200% de wajibiya kuran hakɛ la walasa ka baara garanti kɛ waati latigɛlen kɔnɔ. A ka c’a la, fɛn dilannikɛlaw bɛ fiyɛliw jate 150% la ni kurunba ye min bɛ makɔnɔn kosɛbɛ walasa ka gɛlɛyaw bali ka fiyɛ ka sɔrɔ ka lakana sabati.

Circuit Breakers (Sircuit Breakers) minnu bɛ kɛ

Circuit breakers bɛ overcurrent sensing ni mechanical switching fara ɲɔgɔn kan. Sumaya-magnetiki dilancogo bɛ baara kɛ ni nɛgɛ fila ye min bɛ kɔrɔta ni funteni ye, ka farikolo ta fan fɛ ka resɔrɔn-doni bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ. Magɛnnifɛn-bobine min bɛ piston lamini-o bɛ wuli yɔrɔnin kelen di kurukuruni waatiw la ni kuran tɛmɛna hakɛ dantigɛlen siɲɛ 5-10 kan.

Elektɔriki ka ciriw tigɛlanw bɛ solid-state switching bila masinw yɔrɔw nɔ na. O minɛnw bɛ kuran tɛmɛnen dɔn sisan sensing ICw fɛ ani ka ɲɔgɔn tigɛ MOSFETw fɛ mikrosekɔndi kɔnɔ. Yɔrɔ lamagannenw bɔli bɛ dɔ fara dannaya kan ani ka kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn caman kɛ i n’a fɔ taama kurulenw minnu bɛ se ka porogaramu ani yɔrɔjan lasegin seko.

Kuranko bɔli (ESD) Lakanali

Kuran bɔli bɛ Kɛ ni charge (sara) dalajɛlen bɛ Yɛlɛma fɛnw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ seko ni dɔnko danfaralenw na. Mɔgɔ min bɛ taama ka tapi tigɛ, o bɛ 10.000-30.000 volt (volt) dalajɛ. Ni i ye i yɛrɛ minɛ ni ɛntɛrinɛti minɛn ye, o bɛ o fanga in bɔ nanosekɔndi kɔnɔ, ka kurunba wulilenw lawuli minnu bɛ tɛmɛ ampɛrɛ 10 kan.

ESD lakanani sɛrɛkiliw bɛ baara kɛ ni diode kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ye minnu labɛnna walasa ka jibɔ kuran bila dugukolo siraw la. Baarakɛcogo nɔgɔman waati, o diode ninnu bɛ to kɔsegin-biased ani u tɛ ye circuit fɛ. ESD ko kɛlen dɔ bɛ diodew bila ɲɛfɛ-biase, ka sira dɔ da min ka dɔgɔ-impédance min bɛ tiɲɛni kuran wuli ka bɔ IC sensitifw la.

Paraziti inductance bɛ nɔba bila ESD lakanani nafa la. Trace inductance bɛ diode ni protected component cɛ, o bɛ voltage spike (voltage spike) lawuli kuran caman cili teliya la (V=L × di/dt). 5 nH trace inductance min bɛ 10 A/ns kɛ, o bɛ 50V spike-lase min bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka yɔrɔ yɛrɛ tiɲɛ min bɛ lakana. O inductance in dɔgɔyali ni direct routing ye ani ka i yɛrɛ tanga vias ma discharge sira la, o bɛ lakanani caya.

Lakanali sɛrɛkiliw Litiyamu-Iyɔn batiriw kɔnɔ

Faamuyalimun ye litiyamu ion batiri yefɛɛrɛbɔ nafa ka bon sani ka lakanani wajibiyalenw sɛgɛsɛgɛ. Litiyamu-ion batiri ye fanga maralan ye min bɛ se ka charge (sara) kokura, min bɛ kuran fanga sɔrɔ litiyamu ionw lamagacogo fɛ elekitorode ɲumanw ni elektɔri juguw cɛ chargement ni chargement cycles (sarali ni bɔli senfɛ). O batiri ninnu ye fɛn caman sɛmɛntiya ɛntɛrinɛti ni kuran mɔbiliw la minnu bɛ se ka ta ka taa yɔrɔ wɛrɛw la k’a sababu kɛ u fanga caya ye ani u ka taama jan. Nka, litiyamu-ion batiri lakanani bɛ baara kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ jira, yɔrɔ min na, ciriw tiɲɛni bɛ tasuma ni binkanni farati lase. O kuran-sɛnɛfɛnw bɛ baara Kɛ tension (volta) ni kuran finɛtiri fitininw kɔnɔ-a ka c’a la 2,5-4,2V seli kelen na ni bɔli hakɛ maksimali ye 1-3C ye.

Batiri lakanani IC Architecture

Litiyamu-ion lakanani sɛrɛkili danma bɛ fɛn koloma saba fara ɲɔgɔn kan: lakanani IC, N-kanal MOSFET fila, ani sisan sensɛri. Lakanali IC bɛ to ka selilɛriw ka wulicogo kɔlɔsi ni ɲɔgɔndan tilennen ye ka taa yɔrɔ ɲumanw ni yɔrɔ juguw la. Walasa ka sisan sumani kɛ, a bɛ tension ta MOSFET junction kan-ka FETw ka on-resistance ta i n’a fɔ sensing element sanni ka resisteur discret fara a kan.

DW01 denbaya bɛ IC kelen-selilu lakanani ICw jira minnu bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ. O minɛnw bɛ fili cogoya naani kɔlɔsi:

Overcharge Lakanali: A bɛ baara kɛ ni selilɛri ka wulicogo tɛmɛna 4,25-4,35V kan (ka kɛɲɛ ni a suguya ye), ka charge MOSFET da wuli ka sɔrɔ ka a to bɔli bɛ kɛ farikolo diode fɛ.

Overdischarge Lakanali: A bɛ daminɛ ni 2,3-2,5V ye, ka bɔli MOSFET da wuli walasa ka bɔli juguman bali min bɛ seli kɔnɔna tiɲɛ kudayi.

Discharge (Bɔbɔli) Overcurrent: A bɛ tension jigincogo kɔlɔsi MOSFET ɲɔgɔndan yɔrɔ bɛɛ la. Ni kuran ye 150-200 mV jigin da (o bɛ bɛn ampli 3-8 ma ka kɛɲɛ ni FET sugandili ye), lakanani bɛ kɛ 8-20ms kɔnɔ.

Kurukuruni (Circuit) Kurukuru: A bɛ tension (voltaji) tiɲɛni teliya kɔlɔsi min b’a jira ko surunya tilennen don, ka ɲɔgɔndan tigɛ mikrosekɔndi 20-100 kɔnɔ.

Lakanali kafoda bɛ daminɛ gɛlɛya nafama dɔ lawuli. Ni selilu dɔ sirilen don fɔlɔ, ciriw tɛ se tuma dɔw la ka bɔli-ko dɔ kɛ min bɛ bɔ IC ka lakanani cogoya kɔrɔ la. Fɛnɲɛnɛma bɛ ɲini ka chargeur (saralan) siri walasa ka taamasiyɛn kɛ baarakɛcogo lakananen na walima ka bɔli dakunw surunya waati dɔɔnin kɔnɔ walasa ka lock-out cogoya tɛmɛn.

Multi-Selilɛri Batiriw ɲɛnabɔli

Batiri minnu bɛ ni seliw ye minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn kan seri-, olu bɛ lakanani caman wajibiya. Seli kelen-kelen minnu bɛ sɛrɛkili sɛrɛkili kɔnɔ, olu bɛ seko danfara misɛnninw jira cogo la min tɛ se ka bali k’a sababu kɛ fɛn dilanni caman ɲɔgɔnna ye. Charge waati, selilu minnu ka seko ka bon-, olu bɛ se charge dafalen ma k’a sɔrɔ seli barikamaw bɛ taa a fɛ ka sɔn current ma, o bɛ na ni chargement tɛmɛnen ye fɛn barikamaw kan.

Batiri ɲɛnabɔcogo kɔrɔlenw (BMS) bɛ o ɲɛnabɔ ni selilɛri balansi ye min bɛ kɛ walima min tɛ baara kɛ. Balance passif (balance passif) bɛ fanga tɛmɛnenw Bɔ selilu dafalenw na ka Tɛmɛ resistɛriw fɛ, ka tension (voltazi) Kɛ kelen ye juru kan. Balance active bɛ fanga bila seliw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ ni kondensatɛriw walima inducteurs ye, o bɛ baarakɛcogo ɲɛ nka ka dɔ fara gɛlɛya ni musaka kan.

Lakanali filanan ICw bɛ kɔkanna-yɔrɔ di ni lakanani fɔlɔ ma ɲɛ. Baarakɛminɛnw na i n’a fɔ kuran baarakɛminɛnw walima e-bisiw, batiriw bɛ cogoya gɛlɛnw sɔrɔ yɔrɔ minnu na, fila-layer lakanani bɛ dɔ bɔ dɛsɛ farati la. Ni lakanani sɛrɛkiliba ma baara kɛ ka ɲɛ ka da a yɔrɔ dɔw tiɲɛni kan walima porogaramuw tiɲɛni fɛ, sɛrɛkili filanan bɛ a yɛrɛma ka tension ni current kɔlɔsi, o bɛ fail-safe baarakɛcogo di.

Funteni kɔlɔsili bɛ kuran lakanani dafa litiyamu-ion batiriw kɔnɔ. Termistɛri minnu bɛ sigi selilu farikolow kan, olu bɛ funteni jugumanba kɔlɔsi. Ni funteni tɛmɛna degere 60-70 kan, BMS bɛ charge/discharge current dɔgɔya walima ka pake tigɛ pewu. Sumaya boli-ko min na kɔnɔna kɛlɛli bɛ bonya ni funteni ye, ka funteni caman lase jaabi ɲuman sɔrɔyɔrɔ la-o bɛ lakana farati fɔlɔ lase litiyamu-ion fɛɛrɛbɔ la.

Lakanali sɛrɛkili dilanni jateminɛw

Lakanali kafoda waleyali ɲuman bɛ balansi de wajibiya fɛn caman na minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔsɔ.

Component Sugandili Jago-offs

TVS diodew bɛ dilancogo bɛnkanw jira minnu bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ. Minɛn minnu ka clamping voltages ka dɔgɔn, olu bɛ component protection fisaman di nka u bɛ capacitance caman jira-a ka c’a la 200-500 pF diode kelen na. O capacitance in bɛ doni ta teliyaba-signal layiniw la, ka dan sigi bandwidth la ani ka se ka signal integrity koɲɛw lase USB 3.0 walima HDMI interfaces kɔnɔ minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni multi-gigabit data rates ye.

TVS suguya minnu ka bon-voltaji ka bon, olu bɛ capacitance dɔgɔya ka se 10-50 pF ma, ka signal quality mara nka ka clamping kɛ voltages kan minnu bɛ se ka downstream components degun. Dilanbagaw ka kan ka ciriw lakananen ka tension muɲuni ni a ka signal requirements sɛgɛsɛgɛ walasa ka minɛn ɲumanw sugandi.

MOSFET sugandili batiri lakanani kama, o bɛ fɔlɔfɔlɔ kɛ low on-resistance (RDS(on)) la walasa ka fanga bɔnɛ dɔgɔya baara kɛcogo nɔgɔman na. 0,1Ω FET min bɛ anpiri 3 ta, o bɛ 0,9W jɛnsɛn i n’a fɔ funteni-nafa ka bon yɔrɔ-batiriw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ dankari. RDS(on) dɔgɔyali ka se 0,02Ω ma, o bɛ tiɲɛni jigin ka se 0,18W ma, o bɛ baarakɛcogo ɲɛ ani ka funteni degun dɔgɔya.

Nka, FET minnu ka rezisti ka dɔgɔn, olu bɛ gate capacitance caman jira, o bɛ drive current caman de wajibiya ka bɔ protection IC la. U musaka ka ca fana. Baarakɛcogo ɲuman, musaka ani funteni gɛlɛyaw balansi bɛ FET sugandili latigɛw bila senkan.

Jaabi waati wajibiyalenw

Lakanali sɛrɛkiliw ka kan ka jaabi teliya la ka tɛmɛ a yɔrɔw bɛ se ka dɛsɛ cogo min na. Silisiyɔmu ɲɔgɔndan funteni bɛ wuli ni degere 1 ɲɔgɔn ye milisekɔndi kelen kɔnɔ, waati tɛmɛnenw na. Transistor min bɛ ni 150℃maximum junction temperature ye min bɛ baara kɛ 25℃ambient la, o bɛ 125℃margin sɔrɔ. Ni funteni hakɛ ye degere 1 /ms ye, dɛsɛ bɛ Kɛ milisekɔndi 125 kɔnɔ.

A ka c’a la, thermal-magnetic circuit breakers bɛ milisekɔndi 50-200 de wajibiya walasa ka trip ni 200% overcurrent ye-a bɛ se ka kɛ ko o tɛ se ka kɛ semiconducteur lakanani ye. Elektɔriki ka ciriw tigɛlanw bɛ jaabi milisekɔndi 1-10 kɔnɔ, o bɛ lakana hakɛ bɛnnen di. ESD lakanani ka kan ka baara kɛ nanosekɔndi kɔnɔ, bawo bɔli ko bɛɛ bɛ ban nanosekɔndi 100-200 kɔnɔ.

Koordinasiyɔn ni Sugandili

Sitimɛ minnu bɛ ni lakanani layini caman ye, olu bɛ jɛkafɔ de wajibiya walasa ka baarakɛcogo ɲuman sabati. Aw ye smartfon dɔ jateminɛ min bɛ ni litiyamu-ion batiri lakanani sɛrɛkili ye, USB port ESD lakanani, ani fuse min bɛ se ka wuli ka bɔ a nɔ na chargement sira la.

Chargement fili dɔ senfɛ min bɛ na ni kuran tɛmɛnen ye, batiri lakanani sɛrɛkili ka kan ka baara fɔlɔ, ka fuse mara walasa fili juguw ka kɛ. Ni lakanani IC ma da wuli, fuse bɛ kɔpi di. ESD diodew bɛ ko tɛmɛnenw ɲɛnabɔ, ciriw tɔw tɛ se ka minnu jaabi joona. Lakanalifɛn kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ fili suguya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen dɔ laɲini waati danfaralen na, ka lafasali dabɔ ka dun.

Industriw ni Mobiliw ka baarakɛcogo

Industri sigidaw bɛ ciriw bila kuran cogoya gɛlɛnw na. Motɛri sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ 500-1000V wulicogo wuli. Welding minɛnw bɛ mankanba pikiri kɛ ka tɛmɛn fɛnw dilanyɔrɔw kan. Sanpɛrɛn bɛ se ka volt kɛmɛ caman fara ɲɔgɔn kan ka don control wiring kɔnɔ magnetic field induction fɛ.

Industriw ka ciriw lakanani bɛ baara kɛ ni fɛɛrɛ caman ye waati kelen na. Surge lakanani minɛn minnu bɛ baarakɛyɔrɔ dondaw la, olu bɛ kɛnɛma tɛmɛsira siri. Circuit kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ baara kɛ ni circular breakers ye minnu jatera doni suguya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen-motor-rated breakers bɛ inrush currents muɲu min ye 6-10 siɲɛ 10 boli current ye, k’a sɔrɔ standard breakers tun bɛna nuisance-trip.

Mobili baarakɛcogo bɛ gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw sɔrɔ minnu ɲɛfɔlen don ISO 7637 ni ISO 16750 sɛgɛsɛgɛliw fɛ. Load dump transients bɛ se 100-150V ma, wa u bɛ to milisekɔndi kɛmɛ caman kɔnɔ. Nɛnɛma cranking bɛ batiri voltage jigin ka se 3-6V ma ka sɔrɔ ka 400-800 ampères sama. Jump daminɛ bɛ se ka kɛ reverse polarity ye 14-16V la.

Mobili lakanani sɛrɛkiliw bɛ TVS diodew fara ɲɔgɔn kan walasa ka tɛmɛsira teliyalenw kɛ, crowbar circuits minnu bɛ kɛ ka tɛmɛn tension sabatilen kan, ani reverse polarity diodes-o bɛɛ bɛ sigida dantigɛliw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ -40 degɛrɛ fo +125 degere baara ani yɛrɛyɛrɛ kunbɛnni fo 30G.

Lakanali fɛɛrɛ kura minnu bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan

Yɛlɛma min kɛra ka taa kuran mɔbiliw ni fanga kura sɔrɔcogo siratigɛ la, o bɛ lakanani kokuradonni bila senkan. SiC (silicon carbide) ani GaN (gallium nitride) fanga semiconducteurs bɛ baara kɛ ni voltage ni switching frequences caman ye ka tɛmɛ silicon minɛn kɔrɔlenw kan. Nin fɛn minnu ka bon-bandgap, olu bɛ lakana kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen de wajibiya k’a sababu kɛ u ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli teliya ye (5-20 V/ns) ani u ka sensitivity to gate overvoltage.

Lakanali sira hakilitigiw bɛ kumaɲɔgɔnya sekow fara ɲɔgɔn kan. Industrie circuit breaker bɛ kumaɲɔgɔnya kɛ ni boon ɲɛnabɔli sira ye, ka tension, current, power factor ani fanga tacogo fɔ. Sɛgɛsɛgɛli minnu bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin kofɔlenw ma, olu bɛ cogoyaw jira minnu bɛ tiɲɛni kɛ-i n’a fɔ ka dɔ fara dɔɔnin dɔɔnin bɔgɔbɔli kuran kan-sanni u ka kɛ sababu ye ka dɛsɛ.

Solid-state circuit breakers bɛ masinw ka ɲɔgɔnyew ban pewu, ka baara kɛ ni MOSFETw walima IGBTw ye sɛgɛsɛgɛli kama. O minɛnw bɛ jaabi di mikrosekɔndi kɔnɔ wa u tɛ ɲɔgɔnkanu tiɲɛni si sɔrɔ ka bɔ arc (arcing) la. Sisan baarakɛcogo dɔw ye kunnafonidilanw ye minnu bɛ dannayaba de wajibiya ani awiyɔn minnu na, girinya dɔgɔyali bɛ musaka caman kɛ yɔrɔ minnu na.

Arc fault circuit interrupteurs bɛ arcing-frequency current mankanba-frequency current mankan kuran siginiden kɔlɔsi min bɛ fiɲɛ ionizasiyɔn cogoya jira. O minɛnw bɛ tasuma bali min bɛ sɔrɔ filiw tiɲɛni fɛ yɔrɔ minnu na kuran bɛ to ka tɛmɛ breaker thresholds kɔrɔlenw kan nka arcing bɛ funteni caman lase walasa ka insulation tasuma.

Lakanali sɛrɛkili sɛgɛsɛgɛli ni a tiɲɛni

Lakanali kafoda baarakɛcogo sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli minɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw de wajibiya. Curve tracers bɛ programmé current walima voltage profiles pikiri kɛ ka sɔrɔ ka circuit jaabi suman. ESD sɛgɛsɛgɛli kama, jɛnɛratow bɛ bɔli jateminɛlenw dilan ka kɛɲɛ ni IEC 61000-4-2 sɛgɛsɛgɛliw ye-a ka c’a la, 2-8 kV contact discharge ani 2-15 kV fiɲɛ bɔli.

Batiri lakanani sɛrɛkiliw bɛ charge/discharge cycling kɛ ni funteni hakɛ dantɛmɛnen don. Kɔrɔbɔli protocoles bɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman sɛgɛsɛgɛ ni voltage kofɔlenw ye, ka lakana IC trips dafa muɲuli fɔlenw kɔnɔ. Short-circuit testing bɛ shorts salenw kɛ lakana circuit fɛ, ka a jira ko MOSFETw bɛ ɲɔgɔn tigɛ sani tiɲɛni ka kɛ.

Sumaya sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ yɔrɔw funteni jiginni dɔn fili cogoyaw la. Infrarouge kameraw bɛ yɔrɔ dumanw jira minnu b’a jira ko nɛgɛ yɔrɔ tɛ bɛn walima ni yɔrɔw ka funteni jɛɲɔgɔnya man ɲi. Lakanali rezistiw ka kan ka doni dafalen-bɔli kunbɛn k’a sɔrɔ u ma tɛmɛ funteni hakɛ dantigɛlen kan, o bɛ funteni sɛgɛsɛgɛli de wajibiya dilancogo daminɛ na.

Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na

Ne bɛ se k’a dɔn cogo di ni ne ka minɛn bɛ ni lakanani ciriw ye?

Bi ɛntɛrinɛti kan, lakanani dɔw bɛ don u kɔnɔ. Batiri-minɛn minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni batiri ye, olu bɛ lakanani jɔnjɔnw sɔrɔ tuma bɛɛ. Aw bɛ PCB misɛnninw ɲini minnu sirilen bɛ batiri dakunw na-a ka c’a la, olu bɛ lakana IC ni MOSFETw bila. UL walima CE ka seereyaw ye minnu dabɔra mɔgɔw fɛ, olu bɛ lakana suguya dɔw de wajibiya ka kɛɲɛ ni u kɛcogo ye.

Yala lakanani kafow bɛ se ka dɛsɛ wa?

Ɔwɔ, lakanani sɛrɛkiliw bɛ se ka dɛsɛ, hali ni sitɛmu minnu dilannen don ka ɲɛ, olu bɛ redundancy don a kɔnɔ. Components bɛ se ka surunya sanni ka da wuli-TVS diodes ni MOSFETw ka teli ka dɛsɛ short, ka lakana dɔw mara sanni ka circuitw to u lakananen tɛ. O dɛsɛ cogoya in b’a ɲɛfɔ mun na lakanani layini filananw bɛ yen baarakɛcogo kɔrɔw la.

Danfara jumɛn bɛ lakanani fɔlɔ ni filanan cɛ?

Lakanali fɔlɔ bɛ jaabi di fili cogoyaw ma minnu bɛ kɛ tuma bɛɛ, wa a bɛ segin a yɛrɛ ma. Lakanali filanan bɛ baara kɛ ni lakanani fɔlɔ ma ɲɛ, tuma caman na, a bɛ sɛrɛkili tigɛ kudayi fuse walima thermal switch fɛ min tɛ se ka -segin. Nin fɛɛrɛ in min bɛ kɛ ni layɛrɛ ye, o bɛ lakana sabati hali ni a yɔrɔw tiɲɛna.

Yala litiyamu-ion batiriw bɛɛ mago bɛ lakanani sɛrɛkiliw la wa?

Litiyamu-ion batiri minnu bɛ labɛn jago la, olu ka kan ka kɛ ni lakanani ye. Seli "raw" minnu tɛ lakana ye, olu bɛ yen nka u ka kan ka kɛ dɔrɔn sigida la, kɛnɛma lakanani sɛrɛkiliw bɛ lakana di yɔrɔ minnu na. Ni aw bɛ baara kɛ ni selilɛriw ye minnu tɛ lakana, baarakɛminɛnw na minnu tɛ batiri ɲɛnabɔcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ, o bɛ tasuma ni binkanni faratibaw lase.

Kunnafoni sɔrɔyɔrɔw:

Circuit lakanani suguya sɛgɛsɛgɛli - Straits ɲinini, san 2024

ISO 16750-2 Mobili kuran sɛgɛsɛgɛli sariyaw

IEC 61000-4-2 ESD sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ɲɛfɔli

Batiri lakanani IC Tekniki sɛbɛnw - ABLIC Inc., 2025

TVS Diode baarakɛcogo kunnafoniw - Analog minɛnw, 2021