Voltage bɛ jigin cogo di?

Voltage drop ye kuran seko dɔgɔyali ye min bɛ kɛ ni kuran bɛ tɛmɛ conducteurs fɛ circuit dɔ kɔnɔ. O bɛ kɛ bawo kondukiriw bɛɛ-K’a ta kuran filiw la ka se batiriw ka fɛnw ma-Baara kɛ ni resistance inherent ye min bɛ kuran bolicogo kɛlɛ, ka kuran fanga dɔw sɛmɛntiya ka kɛ funteni ye.

A ka mekanikiw ka voltage drop center kan fundamental électrique principe. Ni ɛlektrɔnikiw bɛ Taa ɲɛminɛbaga o kondɔnbaga fɛ, u bɛ ɲɔgɔn Sɔrɔ ni fɛn in ka atomikɛlan jɔcogo ye. O resistance fanga in bɛ fanga bɔnɛ, o min bɛ jira i n’a fɔ funteni bɔli ani tension dɔgɔyali fila bɛɛ la yɔrɔ la ni i y’a suma ni sɔrɔyɔrɔ ye.

OHM ka sariya bɛ jatebɔ-kalansen di nin ko in ma: v=I × R. Voltage jigin bɛ bɛn sisan hakɛ ma min bɛ caya ni resistance ye. Tiɲɛ na, nɛgɛ min bɛ ampere 10 ta ni 0,5 ohms ye, o bɛna 5-volt jigin sɔrɔ a janya la.

Jɛɲɔgɔnya min bɛ nin fɛn caman ɲɔgɔnna ninnu ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, o tɛ jɔyɔrɔ kelen na. Kuran doni minnu ka bon, olu bɛ dɔ fara voltage (voltage) jigincogo kan ka kɛɲɛ ni a hakɛ ye. O cogo kelen na, resistance bɛ yeli kɛ ni conducteur properties-fɛn suguya, cross{3}}dakun yɔrɔ, janya, ani funteni bɛɛ jɔyɔrɔ bɛ jɔyɔrɔw la. Kupu bolifɛnw bɛ se ka 1,68 × 10⁻⁸ OHM-Memɛtiriw jira degere 20 la, ka sɔrɔ aliminiyɔmu bɛ se ka 2,82 × 10⁻⁸ ohm-Meters jira.

Funteni nɔfɛkow bɛ koɲɛ in fara ɲɔgɔn kan. Ni funteni bɛ caya degere 1 o 1 la, kuran ka fanga bɛ wuli ni 0,393% ye. Kunnafonidila min bɛ baara kɛ ni degere 75 ye sanni ka kɛ degere 20 ye, o bɛ se ka 21,5% ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ, o bɛ dɔ fara voltage jigincogo kan.

Ka ɲɛsin sisan sitɛmuw ma minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn falen-falen, jatebɔ bɛ kɛ gɛlɛya ye. AC circuits bɛ tali kɛ impedansi la sanni ka kɛ rezisti saniyalen ye-Rezisti ni reactance faralen ɲɔgɔn kan ka bɔ inductive ani capacitive elements la. Formula in bɛ wuli ka taa V=I × Z la, z bɛ impedansi jira yɔrɔ min na. Reactance nafaw bɛ Bɔ frequency (fɔkan) la, ni frequences (fɔkan) ka bon ka inductive reactance (inductive reactance) caya.

Conducteur janya bɛ sababu tilennen jira. Kuranko bɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma ni kondukiri janya ye-Baarakɛcogo fila-fila bɛ rezisti kɛ siɲɛ fila ani o kɔsɔn tension jigin. Kablon boli min janya ye mɛtɛrɛ 100 ye, o bɛna kɛ ni sen 50 boli ye siɲɛ fila ni kuran doni kelenw ye.

Wire Gauge bɛ danfaraba don baarakɛcogo la. American Wire Gauge (AWG) sariyaw b’a jira ko AWG kuran nɛgɛ 14 ka rezisti ye 2,5 ohms ye sen 1000 kɔnɔ, k’a sɔrɔ AWG 10 bɛ jigin ka se 1,0 ohm ma 1000 sen 1000 kɔnɔ. saba kelen-Gauge bɛ dɔgɔya ka kɛɲɛ ni kuruwa ye-Sectional area, tigɛ rezisti tilancɛ la.

Fɛnw sugandili nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ. Kupu ni aluminiyɔmu fanga bɛ kuran baara la ka da musaka-nafa kan, nka u ka taabolo bɛ danfaraba la. Kupu bɛ 61% dɔgɔya resistivity la ka tɛmɛ aluminiyɔmu kan, o kɔrɔ ye ko aluminiyɔmu ɲɛminɛbagaw bɛ diamètres caman ɲini walasa ka Copper ka voltage jigincogo bɛn.

Load current bɛ bolifɛn fanga dilan ka ɲɛsin voltage jigin ma. Minɛn minnu bɛ amperage caman sama, olu bɛ tension (voltage) jigincogo caman sɔrɔ ka tɛmɛn o resistance kelen kan. Circuit dɔ bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni sɔn ye ampere 10 na nka a bɛ gɛlɛya sɔrɔ tension jigin na ni doni bɛ bonya ka se 30 amperes ma.

Jɛɲɔgɔnya jogo bɛ to ka wuli-wuliko gɛlɛyaw lawuli minnu jatebɔw ma bɔ. terminal terminal screws, conrodés conrodés, walima crimps inadequate create localized high-Resistance points. O gɛlɛya yɔrɔw bɛ funteni ni tension (volta) bɔnɛ kojugu sɔrɔ yɔrɔ kelenw na sanni ka tilatila ɲɛminɛbaga janya bɛɛ la.

Batiri pake litiyɔmu sitɛmuw bɛ gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw sɔrɔ tension jiginɛw kɔnɔ High{0}}Surrent Discharge cycles waati la. Kɔnɔnatumuw bɛ se ka kɛ litiyɔmu selilɛriw kɔnɔ, a ka c’a la, 20-50 mililiohms ka ɲɛsin selilu ɲumanw ma, o bɛ fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni ɲɔgɔndan kɛlɛli ye pake bɛɛ kɔnɔ. Seri 24-seriw labɛncogo ni mililiohm 40 ye seli kelen kɔnɔ, o bɛ mililiohms 960 kɔnɔna na, u bɛɛ lajɛlen ka resistance sɔrɔ ka sɔrɔ ka jateminɛ kɛ ɲɔgɔndan kunbɛncogo la.

Voltage Drop

Sumani ka kan ka kɛ doni cogoyaw la. Ni sisan jibɔ tɛ, tension (voltage) jigin tɛ yen ka suman. Circuit open bɛna source voltage jira yɔrɔ o yɔrɔ la, ka kunnafoni nafama si di sistɛmu baarakɛcogo kan baarakɛcogo yɛrɛ kɔnɔ.

Fɛɛrɛ ɲuman bɛ kɛ ni multimɛtiri bilali ye yɔrɔ fila danfaralenw na ka sɔrɔ kafoda bɛ baara kɛ ni doni falen ye walima ni doni danma ye. Aw bɛ sonda fɔlɔ bila source voltage point-battery terminal walima circuit breaker bɔli la. Aw bɛ sonda filanan bila doni donta yɔrɔ la. O kalanw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ tension (volta) danfara bɛ tension (voltage) jigincogo jira o circular segment (circuit segment) kan.

Walasa ka sistɛmu sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛɛ lajɛlen kɛ, fɛɛrɛtigiw bɛ tension (volta) jigincogo sumani kɛ seginw kɔnɔ. Aw bɛ a lajɛ ka bɔ source la ka taa circuit breaker la, breaker to junction box, junction box to final outlet walima load. Nin fɛɛrɛ in bɛ gɛlɛya yɔrɔ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw jira sanni ka sigida bɛɛ lajɛlen nafabaliya dafa dɔrɔn.

Multimètre numériques bɛ tiɲɛni dafalen di baara fanba la, hali ni RMS mɛtɛrɛ lakikaw bɛ kalan tigitigiw di AC circuits kan ni non-Sinusoidal Waveforms ye. Clamp meters bɛ sira di sisan sumani ma k’a sɔrɔ circular tigɛcogo ma tigɛ, nafa bɛ min na ka ɲɛsin voltage jigin makɔnɔnen ma ka kɛɲɛ ni sumanikɛlanw ye.

Batiri pakew bɛ fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw de wajibiya. Sumanikɛlan min bɛ wele ko voltage drop in lithium batiri cogoyaw la, o bɛ kɛ ni sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye No-Load ani Discharge currents suguya caman jukɔrɔ. Seli kɛnɛman bɛ se ka 3.7V da wuli-circuit nka a bɛ jigin ka se 3.5V ma 1C bɔli hakɛ la, o b’a jira ko 0,2V ɲɔgɔn bɛ bɔ kɔnɔna na.

Bi batiriw ɲɛnabɔcogo fɛɛrɛw bɛ to ka wuli ka bɔ u ka wuliliko la seli kelen-kelen bɛɛ ni pakew yɔrɔw cɛ. O sitɛmuw bɛ tension (volta) jigincogo dɔw dɔn minnu bɛ seliw tiɲɛni jira, ɲɔgɔndan man ɲi, walima bɔli kurunbaw kojugu sani u ka lakanako gɛlɛyaw lawuli.

Minɛnw ka baarakɛcogo bɛ tiɲɛ ni fɛnw dicogo bɛ jigin ka tɛmɛ fɛn ɲɛfɔlenw kan. Motɛriw bɛ kuran caman sama k’a ɲini ka tension dɔgɔmanw musaka, o bɛ na ni sumaya kojugu ye ani ka dɔ bɔ u ka baarakɛcogo la. Motɛri min dilannen don 240V baara kama, o bɛ se ka 25% caman sɔrɔ ni 216V bɛ a la, a bɛ teliya kosɛbɛ.

Yeelenbɔlanw bɛ nɔ yetaw jira. Anpuluw minnu bɛ yeelen bɔ, olu bɛ dɔgɔya kosɛbɛ, k’a sɔrɔ LED fiɲɛw bɛ se ka kulɛri funteni wuli walima ka a wuli. Fluorescent yeelenw bɛ se ka dɛsɛ ka daminɛ ni dannaya ye walima ka yeelen dɔgɔyali bɔ. Nin taamasiɲɛ ninnu b’a jira ko tension (volta) jiginnen don ka tɛmɛ 5-7% kan, o bɛ sɔrɔ tension nominal ma.

Elektroniki minɛnw sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ danfara ka caya. Ɔridinatɛriw ni MicroProcesseur-Minɛnw bɛ se ka wuli ka bɔ u nɔ na ni tension variations man jugu-Manan caman walima baarakɛbaliya ni tension jiginnenw ye minnu ka ca ni 10% ye. Industriw ka kunnafonidilanw bɛ se ka bɔ ni 15% ye ka tɛmɛn tɔgɔla voltage kan, ka sɛnɛ kɛcogo jɔ.

Funteni bɔli bɛ teliya ni tension (volta) jigin kojugu ye. Energy lost in conductors bɛ fɛn caman tigɛli kɛ ka ɲɛsin funteni bɔli ma. Circuit min bɛ 10V jigin 20A la, o bɛ watt 200 jɛnsɛn ka kɛ funteni ye wiring kɔnɔ sanni k’o fanga lase doni ma. Funteni caman bɛ to ka insulasi tiɲɛ, ka tasuma faratiw lase mɔgɔ ma.

Batiriw Lithium .Expérience capacité dɔgɔyali ka bɔ voltage jigin na doni kɔrɔ. Batiri ɲɛnabɔcogo bɛ se ka bɔli dabila ka kɔn a waati ɲɛ ni tension sags bɛ se tigɛda ma, hali ni seliw bɛ charge significatif mara. O "voltage sag" nɔ bɛ ye ka bɔ sanfɛ-Discharge applications la, ka baarakɛcogo seko dɔgɔya ni 10-20% ye ni i ye a suma ni bɔli ye min bɛ kɛ ni kuran ye.

Litiyamu selilɛriw bɛ non-Linear voltage drop jogo jira u ka bɔli kurufe kan. Ka bɔ charge dafalen na 4.2V la selil kelen na, tension plateaus lamini na 3.7V la seko hakɛ fanba la ka sɔrɔ ka jigin teliya la ka tɛmɛ 3.4V kan. Loavy load kɔnɔ, kɔnɔna rezisti bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka voltage jigin wɛrɛ kɛ min bɛ na ni selil voltage ye ka don region jiginni na ka kɔn a waati ɲɛ.

Lakanali haminankow bɛ bɔ kɛnɛ kan ni tension jigin bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka kuran caman sama. Minɛn minnu bɛ wuli ka bɔ tension (volta) dɔgɔyali la, olu bɛ kuran caman caman sama ka taa ciriw lakanani na. Circuit breakers bɛ se ka tigɛ ni kun tɛ, walima min ka jugu ni o ye, o ye kondukiriw ka funteni ye ka tɛmɛ funteni hakɛ kan sani u ka u tanga.

Jamana ka kuran sariyasun bɛ ladilikanw di sanni ka wajibi wajibiyalenw di voltage jigin danw ma. NEC 210.19(a)(1) b’a jira ko dantigɛli bɛ kɛ ni tension jiginɛw ye bolokɔfɛfɛnw kan ka se 3% ma voltage appliqué la outlet la min ka jan. NEC 215.2(a)(4) bɛ dan sigi o cogo kelen na balodɛsɛbagatɔw la.

Voltage (volta) faralen ɲɔgɔn kan ka tɛmɛn feeder ni branche circuits fila bɛɛ kan, o man kan ka tɛmɛ 5% kan ka kɛɲɛ ni NEC kunnafonidi sɛbɛnw ye. O bɛ sira di sɛgɛsɛgɛli ma sistɛmu dilanni na-A 2% balolan jigin bɛ sira di 3% bolofara jigin ma, walima farankan suguya wɛrɛw bɛɛ lajɛlen 5% walima a dɔgɔyalen.

Elektroniki minɛn minnu bɛ mɔgɔ hakili la, olu bɛ jateminɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen sɔrɔ. NEC 647.4(d) bɛ dan sigi voltage jigin na ka se 1,5% ma bolofara ka ciriw kan minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni mankan/wideyow ye walima o ɲɔgɔnna minɛnw, ni balolan bɛɛ lajɛlen ni bolofara faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o tɛ tɛmɛ 2,5% kan. O dantigɛli gɛlɛnw bɛ baarakɛcogo gɛlɛyaw bali ɛntɛrinɛti kan.

Dugukolo kan sariyaw tɛ kelen ye. Angletɛri ka sariyaw BS7671 kɔnɔ, o bɛ 3% hakɛ fɔ yeelenbɔlanw na (6.9V 230V sitɛmuw kan) ani 5% ka ɲɛsin ciriw wɛrɛw ma (11.5V). Kanada kuran sariyasun sariya 8-102 bɛ bolofara ka ciriw dan o cogo kelen na ka se 3% ma ani u bɛɛ lajɛlen jigin ka se 5% ma.

120V sitɛmuw ta la, 3% bɛ bɛn 3,6V hakɛ ma min bɛ se ka kɛ. 240V ciriw kan, 3% bɛ 7,2V jigin. O dakunw b’a To minɛnw bɛ baarakɛ-volɛti bɛrɛ Sɔrɔ k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ fanga tiɲɛni ni funteni dan Kɛ ɲɛminɛbagaw la.

Batiriw tɛ ni universel voltage drop standards ye, ni dilanbagaw bɛ application di{0}}Bicogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen. Litiyɔmu batiri pakew sigili bɛ kɛ cogoya la min bɛ tali kɛ 2-3% voltage jigin na ka bɔ batiriw la ka taa doni na bɔli cogoya la, hali ni fanga caman bɛ se ka sɔn fo ka se 5% ma.

Basic DC voltage drop jatebɔ bɛ OHM ka sariya labato k’a ɲɛsin a ma: VD=I × R, VD ye tension drop ye yɔrɔ min na, i bɛ current in amperes, ani R ye conducteur resistance ye OHMw kɔnɔ. Jate kɛ total resistance ka bɔ wire specifications ani janya la, ka caya ni load current ye.

Misali ɲuman na: 12V DC sitɛmu bɛ ampere 30 di ka tɛmɛ sen 50 kan AWG kuran nɛgɛ 10 (1,0 ohm sen 1000 kɔnɔ). Resistance bɛɛ bɛ bɛn 50/1,000 × 1.0=0.05 ohms ma. Voltage jigin bɛ bɛn 30A × 0,05Ω=1.5V ma, o bɛ 12,5% jira 12V sɔrɔ la-A bɛ tɛmɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman kan.

Single{0}}Fase AC jatebɔw bɛ baara kɛ ni o cogo kelen ye ni correction factor ye: vd {{1} × k × d ÷ cm, yɔrɔ min na k ye conducteur resistivity constant (12,9 ta ye kuran na, 21.2 aluminiyɔmu ta la), i ye sisan{4}} sira ye senw na, ani cm ye circular mil area ye.

Saba-Fase sitɛmuw bɛ formula caman sɛmɛntiya: vd=1.732 × k × i × d ÷ cm. Factor 1.732 (square root of 3) bɛ fasa jɛɲɔgɔnyaw jate balannen saba la-fasa doni.

Tuma caman na, ɛntɛrinɛti injiniyɛriw bɛ baara kɛ kɔfɛ ka bɔ tension (voliyɔn) jigincogo la min bɛ sɔn ka kɛ walasa ka conducteur (dikonsi) hakɛ wajibiyalen dɔn. Formula labɛncogo kura: CM=1.732 × k × i × d ÷ VD bɛ sira di jatebɔ ma min bɛ kɛ ni MIL yɔrɔ lamininen fitinin ye min ka kan ka kɛ walasa ka tension jiginnen mara laɲini dakun dɔ jukɔrɔ.

Lithium batiri pake voltage jigin jatew ka kan ka jate kɛ rezisti sɔrɔyɔrɔ caman na. Kɔnɔna selilɛri ka se ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ, o bɛ dɔ fara ɲɔgɔn kan (nickel strips walima busbars) ani kɛnɛma kabɛl resistance. Walasa ka 24-Cell Series Pack kɛ ni seliw ye minnu kɔnɔna bɛ 30mΩ resistance sɔrɔ, pack total resistance bɛ se 720mΩ ma ka sɔrɔ ka jateminɛ kɛ jɛɲɔgɔnyaw kan. 50A bɔli la, kɔnɔna voltage jigin dɔrɔn bɛ bɛn 36V-substantial ma 88.8V pake tɔgɔlama kɔnɔ.

Voltage Drop

Conducteur upsizing bɛ fura tilennen di ka tɛmɛ fura tɔw bɛɛ kan. Ka dɔ fara nɛgɛ jateminɛnan kan ni sen saba ye, o bɛ kɛ fila ye, o bɛ se ka kɛ siɲɛ fila ye Cross-Sectional Area, Tiging Resistance ani Voltage Drop. Yɛlɛma donna ka bɔ AWG 12 la ka se AWG 8 ma, o bɛ dɔ bɔ 1,6 na ka se 0,64 ohms ma sen 1000 kɔnɔ-A ɲɛtaa 60%.

Voltage (voltage) caya sitɛmu taabolow la, o bɛ sira Di kuran dɔgɔyali ma fanga dicogo bɛnnin na. 48V batiri sitɛmu bɛ 24V sitɛmu ka kuran tilancɛ de wajibiya watti doni kelen in na. Komin voltage (voliyɔn) jigin bɛ bɛn current (kurun) ma, current (kurunba) bɛ tension (kurunba) jigin tilancɛ la k’a sɔrɔ a bɛ fanga kelen di.

Circuit routing optimization bɛ conducteur janya dɔgɔya. Panneau distribution (jatebɔlanw) bilali siratigɛ la, o bɛ dɔ bɔ nɛgɛ boliw la ka se doni yɔrɔjanw ma. Sow dilanni na, kuran pannew sɔrɔli cɛmancɛ la sanni ka kɛ boonw kɔnɔna na, o bɛ se ka ɲɛminɛbaga janya bɛɛ tigɛ ni 30-40% ye.

Parallel conductor bɛ boli ka ɲɛ ka wire cross-Sectional area. Ka AWG ɲɛminɛbaga 10 fila boli ɲɔgɔn fɛ, o bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka 7 AWG nɛgɛ kelen sɔrɔ, tuma caman na, a bɛ kɛ ni fɛnw musaka dɔgɔyali ye. Sira kelen-kelen bɛɛ bɛ kuran tilancɛ ta, ka tension jigin ka se 25% ma, ɲɛminɛbaga kelen bɛna min sɔrɔ.

Jɛɲɔgɔnya ɲuman marali bɛ sigida ka tension jigin gɛlɛyaw bali. Torque ɲuman bɛ sɔrɔ terminal vises kan, anti-oxydant compounds kan aluminiyɔmu ɲɔgɔndanw kan, ani crimp baarakɛminɛn bɛnnenw bɛ a jira ko joli bɛ dɔgɔya-Resistance joints. Jɛɲɔgɔnya lafiyalen dɔ bɛ 0,1 ohm resistansi dɔrɔn fara 30A sɛrɛkili kan, o bɛ 3V voltage jigin o yɔrɔ kelen na.

Batiri pakew labɛncogo Balance voltage jigin ka kɛɲɛ ni dilancogo wɛrɛw ye. Series-parallel arrangements bɛ current (kurunba) tilatila ɲɔgɔn na ni sɛrɛ caman ye minnu bɛ taa ɲɔgɔn fɛ, ka kuran dɔgɔya selil kelen na ani kɔnɔna tension (volta) jigincogo la. 24S2P cogoya (seli 24 bɛ ɲɔgɔn na, ɲɔgɔndan fila) bɛ bɔli kuran tila juru kelen-kelen bɛɛ fɛ ni i ye a suma ni 24S1P ye.

Litiyɔmu batiriw ɲɛnabɔcogo bɛ se ka wuli ka bɔnɔgɔla nɔw bɔ kɔlɔsili caman na. BMS minnu bɛ taa ɲɛ, olu bɛ selilɛri kelen-kelenw ka voltagew suman doni kɔrɔ, ka jatebɔ kɛ charge cogo yɛrɛ la hali ni voltage sag. O bɛ bɔli dabila joona bali ani ka se ka baara kɛ ni seko ye ka caya.

Batiri litiyɔmuw bɛ tension jigincogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw jira minnu ni laadala plɔmu-acide batiriw tɛ kelen ye. Kɔnɔnatumuw bɛ se ka kɛ litiyɔmu selilɛriw la minnu ka ɲi, o bɛ daminɛ milili 20-80 na ka kɛɲɛ ni seliw ka kemisi ni u bonya ye. LifePo4 seliluw bɛ a jira ko a kɔnɔna bɛ se ka wuli dɔɔni (40-80mΩ) ni a bɛ tali kɛ NMC selilɛriw la (20-50mΩ), hali ni LifePo4 bɛ cycle life di.

Kɔnɔnatumuw labɛncogo bɛ nɔba bila sistɛmu ka voltage jigin na. Seri jɛgɛnw bɛ voltage caya ka sɔrɔ ka sisan seko mara, nka u bɛ kɔnɔna rezistiw fana lajɛ. A 24-Series pack of 40mΩ seliw bɛ 960mΩ bɛɛ lajɛlen kɔnɔna na. Jɛɲɔgɔnya paralɛliw bɛ sisan seko caya ka sɔrɔ ka kɔnɔna rezisti cɛmancɛ-Sɛbɛn saba kɔnɔ minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn ta, olu bɛ dɔ bɔ farikolokisɛ kelen tilacogo ɲuman na.

Discharge rate bɛ nɔba bila voltage drop magnitude la. Litiyamu selilɛriw bɛ kɔnɔna rezistansi jira min bɛ to senna bɔli hakɛw kan, o kɔrɔ ye ko tension drop scales linearly with current. Seli min bɛ ni 40mΩ resistance ye, o bɛ 0,04V jigin 1A la nka 2.0V jigin na 50A la. O 2V danfara in bɛ se ka selil voltage (seli) wuli ka bɔ 3.7V plateau nominal (yɔrɔ tɔgɔlama) la ka taa jigin yɔrɔ la min bɛ jigin.

Funteni nɔfɛkow bɛ tension drop issues (voltaji jiginni) juguya. litiyɔmu selilɛri kɔnɔna na , o bɛ bonya kosɛbɛ funteni dɔgɔyali la-A ka c' a la, o bɛ kɛ siɲɛ 25 ni -20 cɛ . Batiri pake min bɛ 5% voltage jira so funteni na, o bɛ se ka 10% voltage jigin ka bɔ nɛnɛ na, ka dan sigi kosɛbɛ baarakɛcogo la min bɛ se ka baara kɛ.

Interconnection resistance bɛ dɔ fara selil kɔnɔna rezisti kan. Nikɛri strip connections bɛ 5-20 mililiohms don ɲɔgɔn na ka kɛɲɛ ni strip thickness, janya ani welding quality ye. San 2024 ɲinini sɛgɛsɛgɛli dɔ kɛra batiri pakew dilanni kan, o y’a jira ko nikɛri sɔgɔlenw ye 0,237Ω bɛɛ lajɛlen ka rezisti bɛɛ jira ni 11,735V voltage jigin ye 50A la, k’a sɔrɔ nikɛri saniyalen cogoya ye 0,048Ω rezisti dɔrɔn sɔrɔ ni 2,82V Drop-a bɛ se ka kɛ siɲɛ 5 ye.

Jamana ka charge bɛ nɔ bila voltage drop kɛcogo la. Kɔnɔnatumuw dafalen bɛ tension sabatilen mara doni damatɛmɛnen kɔnɔ, nka seliw bɛ bɔ ka ɲɛ (20% cogoya la chargement de charge) kɔnɔ, o bɛ kɔnɔna kɛlɛli caya jira. O bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka nɔ bila yɔrɔ la, ni tension jigin bɛ teliya ni batiri bɛ dɔgɔya, o bɛ dɔ bɔ seko la min bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni 20-30% ye seko hakɛ la.

Batiriw ɲɛnabɔli siraw jɔyɔrɔ ka bon kosɛbɛ tension drop effects ɲɛnabɔli la. Cell balancing active (seli min bɛ kɛ ni wari ye chargement) kɔnɔ, o bɛ a to voltages (voltazi) kelenw ka se ka kɛ seriw kɔnɔ-Cellules connectés (Cellules connectés) kɔnɔ, ka seli barikamaw bali ka dan sigi pack (paki) baarakɛcogo la. Discharge waati, BMS units bɛ voltage kɔlɔsi doni kɔrɔ walasa ka tɛmɛ-Dischargement de cellules individuelles hali ni pack voltage tora cutoff thresholds sanfɛ.

Cell Matching waati la pack assembly waati bɛ tension drop inconsistances (voltaji jiginni) dɔgɔya. Kɔnɔnatumuw minnu ka se ka kɛ kelen ye, u kɔnɔna bɛ se ka u yɛrɛ tanga, ani u yɛrɛ ma-Discharge rates bɛ baara kɛ cogo kelen na doni kɔrɔ. Kɔnɔnatumuw minnu tɛ bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma, olu bɛ tension drop variations (voltaji jiginni fɛn caman ɲɔgɔnna) da minnu bɛ dan sigi pake bɛɛ la ka se cellule barikamaw ka baarakɛcogo ma, ka se tiɲɛ na seli barikamaw kɔnɔ.

Tɛmɛsira jiginni bɛ danfara don ni jatebɔ sabatilenw ye{0}}jamana jatebɔw. Motɛri daminɛ kurunw walima kondensatɛri inrush bɛ High-Surrent conditions (wariko cogoyaw) da, minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sababu ye ka tension (volta) dips (jirisunw) tiɲɛ minnu bɛ minɛnw sɛgɛsɛgɛ minnu bɛ sensitive (sɔgɔsɔgɔ) hali ni steady-State voltage (voltage) jigin bɛ to ka sɔn. Inrush currents bɛ se ka se 5-7 ma siɲɛ 5-7 normal operating current fo sekɔndi damadɔ.

harmonique distortion in AC systems bɛ gɛlɛya don voltage drop analysis la. non-Linear loads like variable frequency drives genege harmonic currents minnu bɛ dɔ fara conducteur rezistansi ɲuman kan DC nafaw kan. Farikolo nɔ min bɛ kɛ harmoniki frequencies la, o bɛ kuran wajibiya ka taa konductor surfaces (kunnafoni-cimago-yɔrɔw) la, o bɛ dɔ bɔ cross-yɔrɔ-yɔrɔ nafama na.

Voltage regulation devices bɛ se ka voltage drop critiques (voltaji jiginni) musaka bɔ. Otomatiki tension regulators bɛ bɔli tension basigilen mara hali ni donnakow bɛ ɲɔgɔn ta, hali n’u bɛ bɔnɛ wɛrɛw ni musaka wɛrɛw don. Kuranko minnu tɛ tigɛ, olu bɛ tension regulation ni backup fanga fila bɛɛ di, ka doni sensitifw lakana ka bɔ voltage jigincogo ni tiɲɛniw na.

Power Factor Correction bɛ dɔ bɔ sisan bonya la fanga dicogo dilen dɔ kama, ka tension jigincogo jigin. Kondasiyɔn bankiw bɛ inductive loads ka reactive current offset, o bɛ sira di conducteurs ma ka fanga lakika caman ta ni current total ani voltage jigincogo dɔgɔyali ye.

Smart Charging algorithms minnu bɛ batiri sitɛmuw kɔnɔ, olu bɛ tension (volta) jiginni nɔw dɔgɔya charge waati ni seko la. Multi-Stage Charging Protocols bɛ current ladilan ka da cell voltage kan doni kɔrɔ, ka voltage wuli kojugu bali min bɛna charge termination premature daminɛ. O bɛ fanga jiginni nafa bonya ka ɲɛ ka sɔrɔ ka selilɛriw lakana ka bɔ sɛgɛnba degun na.

Sistɛmu sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ tension drop sources bɔ ɲɔgɔn na. Aw bɛ a daminɛ fanga sɔrɔyɔrɔ la ni doni fanga ye, sumanikɛ tension. Ɲɛtaa ka tɛmɛn ciriw fɛ-Main Disconnect, Distribution Panel, Branch Circuit Breaker, Outlets, ani Load Terminals-Barakɛta ka tension yɔrɔ kelen-kelen bɛɛ la. Sumanikɛyɔrɔ fila tugu-tugulen fila ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, olu bɛ gɛlɛya yɔrɔw jira.

Sumaya ja min bɛ kɛ ni funteni ye, o bɛ gɛlɛya dogolenw jira ɲɔgɔn na. Kamera infrarougew bɛ yɔrɔ funtenimaw sɔrɔ minnu b’a jira ko u ka bon-Resistance connections sanni u ka dɛsɛ. Jɛɲɔgɔnya min bɛ degere 20-30 jira lamini funteni sanfɛ, o bɛ jateminɛ kɛ joona. Funteni danfara minnu bɛ tɛmɛ degere 50 kan, olu bɛ farati juguw jira minnu bɛ kɔrɔtɔko latilenni wajibiya.

Load current verification bɛ jatebɔw dafa minnu bɛ bɛn tiɲɛ ma. Clamp meter sumanikɛlanw baarakɛcogo caman na, olu bɛ sisan jatebɔ yɛrɛ jira. Minɛnw ɲɛfɔli bɛ se ka kɛ tiɲɛ ye-Duniɲa kurunba, kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la motɛri inrush walima kondensatɛri chargement currents minnu bɛ tension drop spikes dilan.

A ka ca a la, tension drop droits bɛ kuran gɛlɛya wɛrɛw ladege. Lafiyalanw bɛ se ka tension (voltage) jigincogo jira nka a bɛ se ka signal (taamaʃyɛn) fana connections neutre (neutre neutre) lajɔli, baarakɛyɔrɔ dondaw la, walima utilité (nafamafɛnw) sɔrɔli koɲɛw. Sisitɛmu voltage sumani doni jukɔrɔ danfara bɛ o sababuw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ.

Batiriw ka sɛgɛsɛgɛli bɛ fɛɛrɛ kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw de wajibiya. Seko sɛgɛsɛgɛli min bɛ kɛ ka ɲɛsin bɔli hakɛw kɔrɔ, o bɛ seliluw jira minnu kɔnɔna bɛ se ka wuli kojugu. Seli min bɛ tension dɔgɔya kosɛbɛ doni kɔrɔ ni a bɛ tali kɛ NO-Load cogoyaw la, o bɛ kɔnɔna rezistansi kɔrɔtalen jira, o bɛ a ɲini ka fɛn wɛrɛ bila a nɔ na walasa ka pakew baaracogo segin a cogo kɔrɔ la.

Voltage Drop

RV ni kɔgɔji kuran siraw ka teli ka sɔrɔ tension drop gɛlɛyaw la. Kablon jan bɛ bɔ batiri bankiw la ka taa doni na, ka fara ɲɔgɔn kan ni sanfɛ{1}}Sinɛw ye i n’a fɔ fiɲɛdilanw ani mikrow, ka tension (volta) camanba dilan. A 30-sen boli min bɛ kɛ 10 AWG wire ye min bɛ 20 Amperes jigin, o bɛ 1,2V-problematic ɲɔgɔnna 12V sitɛmuw kɔnɔ (10% bɔnɛ) nka a bɛ se ka ɲɛnabɔ 24V sitɛmuw kɔnɔ (5% bɔnɛ).

Solar Energy Installations ka kan ka jate kɛ ni tension jigin ye ka bɔ pannew la ka taa chargeur controleurs ani ka bɔ batiriw la ka taa inverters. Tile sɛrɛkili min bɛ sɔrɔ 100 feet ka bɔ charge controleur la, o bɛ conducteur hakɛ jateminɛ kosɛbɛ. 30A, 24V sitɛmu kama, sen 200 taama lamini na (ka bɔ panɛriw la ani ka bɔ panɛriw la) mago bɛ 6 AWG nɛgɛ la walasa ka 2% voltage jiginnen mara.

Kuran bolifɛnw batiriw misali bɛ sɔrɔ sanfɛ-Kɔrɔlen voltage drop scenarios. Bi EVw bɛ 300-400 Amperes ja teliya waati. Hali mililiohms 10 minnu bɛ se ka 3-4V jigin, olu bɛ jigin ni kurunba ye min bɛ se ka kɛ, o bɛ dɔ bɔ fanga ni yɔrɔ la min bɛ sɔrɔ. Dilanbagaw bɛ wari caman bila ɲɔgɔndanw na minnu tɛ se ka kɛ ni ultrasonic welding ani busbar designs optimisés ye.

Donanw ka fanga tilali bɛ tension jigincogo jira minɛnw ɲɛnamaya kan. Server Power Supplies (Sɛbɛn fanga) minnu bɛ sɔrɔ 200-240V baarakɛcogo dɔnniya la, olu bɛ sɛgɛn teliya la ni tension sabatili jigira 200V duguma. Yɔrɔw bɛ tension jigin 2% duguma walasa ka minɛn sɔngɔ gɛlɛnw lakana ani ka baara kɛ ni dannaya ye.

Industriw ka motɛri baarakɛcogo b’a jira cogo min na tension jigin bɛ nɔ bila baarakɛcogo la. 460V motɛri min bɛ 8% voltage jigin, o bɛ 423V dɔrɔn sɔrɔ. O jukɔrɔla-voltage bɛ dɔ Fàra kuran jatebɔ kan ni 9% ɲɔgɔn ye, o bɛ funteni (i2r bɔnɛw) Bɔ 19% la motɛri-wuliw la. O faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o bɛ dɔ bɔ motɛri ka baarakɛcogo ɲuman na ni 3-5% ye ani ka insulasi tiɲɛni teliya.

Jamana ka kuran sariyasun b’a fɔ ko ka dantigɛli kɛ tension jigin na ka se 3% ma bolofara ka ciriw kan ani 5% faralen ɲɔgɔn kan balodɛsɛbagatɔw ni tɔnbolofara ka ciriw la. 120V sitɛmuw ta la, o kɔrɔ ye ko a tɛ tɛmɛ 3,6V kan ciriw kelen-kelen bɛɛ kan ani 6V bɛɛ lajɛlen. Elektroniki minnu bɛ se ka fɛn kɛ, olu bɛ dan gɛlɛnw de wajibiya 1,5-2,5%.

Voltage drop bɛ bonya linearly ni conducteur janya ye. Filɛri janya fila bɛ tension (volta) jigin siɲɛ fila sisan doni kelen na. O jɛɲɔgɔnya proportionnel kɔrɔ ye ko kabali boli janw bɛ wire gauges belebelebaw de wajibiya walasa ka voltage drop hakɛw mara minnu bɛ sɔn.

A man teli ka tiɲɛni kɛ teliya la, nka a bɛ sɛgɛn teliya la fɛɛrɛ caman fɛ. Motɛriw bɛ sumaya ka bɔ kuran hakɛ caya la, ɛntɛrinɛti minɛnw bɛ degun sɔrɔ ka bɔ kɛnɛma-of{2}}Spec voltage, ani batiriw bɛ tɔɔrɔ ni chargement koɲɛw ye. Baara sabatili ni tension caman bɛ jigin, o bɛ minɛnw ɲɛnamaya surunya kosɛbɛ.

DC circuits kama, baara kɛ: voltage drop=current × resistance. Aw bɛ conducteur rezisti sɔrɔ ka bɔ wire gauge tables (ohms per 1000 feet), ka caya ni janya yɛrɛ ye, o kɔ aw bɛ caya ni load current ye. Intɛrinɛti jatebɔlanw bɛ nin wale in nɔgɔya AC ni DC ciriw fila bɛɛ la, u kɛtɔ ka wire specifications (fini sɛrɛkiliw) ɲɛnabɔ u yɛrɛma.

Key takeaways .

Voltage drop ye tension dɔgɔyali ye min bɛ sɔrɔ conducteur resistance fɛ ni current bɛ tɛmɛ kuran circuits fɛ .

Fɛn fɔlɔ minnu bɛ nɔ bila voltage jigin na olu ye conducteur janya ye, wire gauge, materiel type, ani load current magnitude .

Ladilikanw sariyalenw na, u bɛ tension jigin ka se 3-5% ma source voltage la, hali ni minɛn sensitif bɛ dan gɛlɛnw de wajibiya .

Fɛnɲɛnɛmaw ye kondukiri wulili ye, sistɛmu ka tension bɛ caya, ani circuit routing optimisés walasa ka rezisti dɔgɔya .

Batiri pake litiyɔmu sitɛmuw bɛ gɛlɛya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw sɔrɔ ka bɔ kɔnɔna seliw ka se ka u yɛrɛ tanga ani ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ cogo min na, o bɛ nɔ bila baarakɛcogo la .